Secondary 4 Pure Chemistry Redox Electrochemistry Quiz

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Secondary 4 Pure Chemistry Quiz - Redox Electrochemistry

Name: ___________________________
Class: ____________
Date: ____________
Score: ____________ / 40
Duration: 60 minutes
Total Marks: 40

Instructions:

• Answer all 20 questions.
• Section A: Multiple-choice style short responses. Section B: Structured short answers. Section C: Data and extended responses.
• Show all working and reasoning where required.
• Use proper chemical notation and state symbols where appropriate.

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Section A: Redox Basics (Questions 1–5)

1. [1 mark] In the reaction $2Mg + O_2 \rightarrow 2MgO$, which species is oxidised?

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2. [1 mark] State the oxidation state of iron in $Fe_2O_3$.

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3. [1 mark] Identify the reducing agent in the equation:
$Zn + Cu^{2+} \rightarrow Zn^{2+} + Cu$

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4. [1 mark] Write the half-equation for the oxidation of bromide ions to bromine.

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5. [1 mark] A substance gains electrons. State the term used for this process.

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Section B: Electrolysis and Cells (Questions 6–15)

6. [2 marks] During electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide, write the electrode reactions at:
(a) the cathode: ________________________________________
(b) the anode: __________________________________________

7. [2 marks] Explain why electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride using inert electrodes produces hydrogen at the cathode instead of sodium.

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8. [2 marks] A simple cell is set up using zinc and copper half-cells.
(a) Which metal is the negative terminal? ____________________
(b) Write the overall cell reaction. __________________________

9. [2 marks] State two observations seen at the anode during electrolysis of aqueous copper(II) sulfate with copper electrodes.

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10. [2 marks] Calculate the charge transferred when 0.5 mol of electrons pass through a circuit. (1 mol e⁻ = 96500 C) Show your working.
Working: ________________________________________________________
Answer: ____________________ C

11. [2 marks] The reactivity series places potassium above calcium. In a simple cell with these two metals, which is the anode? Explain.

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12. [2 marks] Complete and balance the ionic half-equation for discharge of hydroxide ions:
$4OH^- \rightarrow O_2 + \_\_\_ H_2O + \_\_\_ e^-$

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13. [2 marks] State the product at the anode during electrolysis of concentrated aqueous sodium chloride (brine) and give the reason for its formation over other ions.

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14. [2 marks] A student connects two beakers, one with $AgNO_3(aq)$ and silver rod, the other with $CuSO_4(aq)$ and copper rod.
(a) Which electrode loses mass? ____________________
(b) Name the process occurring there. ____________________

15. [2 marks] Explain, in terms of electron transfer, why $Cl_2$ is a stronger oxidising agent than $Br_2$.

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Section C: Data Interpretation and Extended Response (Questions 16–20)

16. [3 marks] The diagram below shows an electrolysis cell for purifying copper.

Image pending generation: experimental_setup for Q16.

Using the setup:
(a) State which electrode is the anode. [1]
(b) Write the reaction at the impure copper electrode. [1]
(c) Explain how pure copper is obtained on the other electrode. [1]

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17. [3 marks] A cell is made from magnesium and iron half-cells with salt bridge.
Given: $Mg^{2+}/Mg$ $E^\circ = -2.37$ V, $Fe^{2+}/Fe$ $E^\circ = -0.44$ V.
(a) Which is the more reactive metal? [1]
(b) Calculate the cell potential. [1]
(c) Write the overall redox equation. [1]
Working: ________________________________________________________

18. [4 marks] Electrolysis of aqueous potassium iodide (KI) is carried out with inert graphite electrodes.
(a) State the product at the cathode and give the half-equation. [2]
(b) State the product at the anode and give the half-equation. [2]

19. [3 marks] The table shows standard electrode potentials:

Half-cell	$E^\circ$ (V)
$Zn^{2+}/Zn$	-0.76
$Ag^+/Ag$	+0.80

(a) Construct the overall cell reaction. [1]
(b) Calculate $E^\circ_{cell}$. [1]
(c) Identify the oxidising agent. [1]

20. [4 marks] A student proposes using seawater (contains $Na^+$, $Cl^-$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Br^-$) for electrolysis to extract bromine.
(a) State which anion is discharged first at the anode and why. [2]
(b) Write the half-equation for the anion discharge. [1]
(c) Give one reason why sodium is not produced at the cathode. [1]

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Secondary 4 Pure Chemistry Quiz - Redox Electrochemistry (Answer Key)

Total Marks: 40
Topic: Redox Electrochemistry

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Section A: Redox Basics

1. [1 mark] $Mg$ (magnesium)
Teaching note: Oxidation is loss of electrons (OIL). Mg goes from 0 to +2, losing 2e⁻. $O_2$ is reduced. Common mistake: naming $O_2$ as oxidised.

2. [1 mark] +3
Teaching note: Oxygen is -2. In $Fe_2O_3$: $2x + 3(-2) = 0 \Rightarrow 2x = 6 \Rightarrow x = +3$.

3. [1 mark] $Zn$ (zinc)
Teaching note: Reducing agent is the species that is oxidised (loses e⁻). Zn → $Zn^{2+} + 2e^-$.

4. [1 mark] $2Br^- \rightarrow Br_2 + 2e^-$
Teaching note: Oxidation of bromide: 2 bromide ions lose 2 electrons to form $Br_2$. Include charge balance.

5. [1 mark] Reduction
Teaching note: Gain of electrons = reduction (RED). Opposite of oxidation.

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Section B: Electrolysis and Cells

6. [2 marks]
(a) Cathode: $Pb^{2+} + 2e^- \rightarrow Pb$ [1]
(b) Anode: $2Br^- \rightarrow Br_2 + 2e^-$ [1]
Teaching note: Molten salt → only ions present. Cations to cathode, anions to anode.

7. [2 marks]
Sodium is more reactive than hydrogen / $Na^+$ is harder to reduce than $H^+$ [1]. Hydrogen is discharged because $H^+$ from water is lower in reactivity and gains electrons: $2H^+ + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2$ [1].
Marking: 1 for reactivity reason, 1 for correct identification of $H_2$ production.

8. [2 marks]
(a) Zinc [1]
(b) $Zn + Cu^{2+} \rightarrow Zn^{2+} + Cu$ [1]
Teaching note: More reactive metal (Zn) is anode/negative.

9. [2 marks]

• Brown copper deposit on cathode (or pure copper electrode) [1]
• Anode (impure copper) loses mass / dissolves [1]
  Note: With copper electrodes, anode dissolves as Cu → $Cu^{2+} + 2e^-$.

10. [2 marks]
Working: Charge = moles e⁻ × Faraday = $0.5 \times 96500$ [1]
Answer: 48250 C [1]
Teaching note: $Q = nF$.

11. [2 marks]
Potassium is the anode [1] because it is more reactive (higher in series) and loses electrons more readily [1].

12. [2 marks]
$4OH^- \rightarrow O_2 + 2H_2O + 4e^-$
Award: 1 for $2H_2O$, 1 for $4e^-$.
Check: LHS charge -4, RHS 0 + 0 -4 = -4. Balanced.

13. [2 marks]
Chlorine ($Cl_2$) [1]; $Cl^-$ is discharged preferentially over $OH^-$ in concentrated brine due to higher concentration of $Cl^-$ [1].

14. [2 marks]
(a) Copper rod (in $CuSO_4$) [1]
(b) Oxidation [1]
Teaching note: More reactive Ag does not dissolve; Cu → $Cu^{2+} + 2e^-$, loses mass.

15. [2 marks]
$Cl_2$ more readily gains electrons to form $Cl^-$ than $Br_2$ forms $Br^-$ [1]; due to smaller atomic radius / higher electronegativity of Cl [1].
Teaching note: Stronger oxidising agent = easier reduction.

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Section C: Data Interpretation and Extended Response

16. [3 marks]
(a) Impure copper block (electrode A, +) [1]
(b) $Cu \rightarrow Cu^{2+} + 2e^-$ [1]
(c) $Cu^{2+}$ from solution gains electrons at pure Cu cathode: $Cu^{2+} + 2e^- \rightarrow Cu$, depositing pure copper [1].
Image requirement: Setup must show anode (+) impure, cathode (-) pure, Cu²⁺ arrows to cathode.

17. [3 marks]
(a) Magnesium [1]
(b) $E^\circ_{cell} = (-0.44) - (-2.37) = +1.93$ V [1]
(c) $Mg + Fe^{2+} \rightarrow Mg^{2+} + Fe$ [1]
Teaching note: Cell potential = $E_{cathode} - E_{anode}$ (using reduction potentials).

18. [4 marks]
(a) Cathode: Hydrogen ($H_2$); $2H^+ + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2$ or $2H_2O + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2 + 2OH^-$ [2]
(b) Anode: Iodine ($I_2$); $2I^- \rightarrow I_2 + 2e^-$ [2]
Note: $I^-$ discharged preferentially over $OH^-$ (less reactive halide).

19. [3 marks]
(a) $Zn + 2Ag^+ \rightarrow Zn^{2+} + 2Ag$ [1]
(b) $E^\circ_{cell} = 0.80 - (-0.76) = 1.56$ V [1]
(c) $Ag^+$ [1]
Teaching note: Oxidising agent is reduced species ($Ag^+$).

20. [4 marks]
(a) $Br^-$ discharged first [1] because it is the least reactive halide present (easier to oxidise than $Cl^-$) and $Na^+$ stays in solution [1].
(b) $2Br^- \rightarrow Br_2 + 2e^-$ [1]
(c) $Na^+$ is more difficult to reduce than $H^+$ from water; H₂ evolves instead [1].