Secondary 4 Geography Practice Paper 2

TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - Geography Secondary 4

Answer Key & Marking Scheme (Version 2)

Subject: Geography
Level: Secondary 4
Topic: Map, Graph & Data Skills

Section A: Map Skills

1. Calculate the straight-line distance in kilometres between the bridge at Grid Reference 4512 and the school at Grid Reference 4713. [2]

• Answer: Approx. 2.2 km – 2.4 km (depending on precise measurement).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for correct measurement in cm (approx. 8.8 – 9.6 cm on a standard 1:25,000 map extract representation).
  • 1 mark for correct conversion to km (divide by 100,000 or use scale bar).
  • Note: Accept answers within ±0.1km tolerance.

2. Describe the relief in Grid Square 4611. [2]

• Answer: The land is low-lying/flat (1) and likely marshy/swampy as indicated by the mangrove symbols/contours spaced far apart (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for describing height (low/flat).
  • 1 mark for describing shape/feature (marshy/mangrove/flat contour spacing).

3. Explain why the settlement in Grid Square 4713 is located in that specific position. [4]

• Answer:
  • Reason 1: Located on higher ground/away from the floodplain of the river (1), reducing risk of flooding (1).
  • Reason 2: Located near a road/transport link (1), providing accessibility for residents (1).
  • Alternative: Near the coast for fishing opportunities (if visible).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for each valid reason identified from map.
  • 1 mark for each valid explanation of benefit.
  • Max 2 reasons.

4. Identify the flow direction of the river in Grid Square 4512. [1]

• Answer: South-East (or East-South-East).
• Marking: 1 mark for correct cardinal direction based on contour values (higher in NW, lower in SE) or arrow indicators.

5. Suggest one potential hazard for the settlement in Grid Square 4713 during the monsoon season. [1]

• Answer: Flooding (due to proximity to river/coast) OR Landslides (if near steep slopes, though map suggests flat).
• Marking: 1 mark for a plausible hazard linked to map evidence.

Section B: Graph and Chart Interpretation

6. Calculate the annual range of temperature for City A. [1]

• Answer: 1°C (28°C - 27°C).
• Marking: 1 mark for correct calculation.

7. Describe the rainfall pattern of City A throughout the year. [3]

• Answer:
  • Rainfall is high throughout the year (all months >90mm) (1).
  • There is a slight dip in the middle of the year (June/July) (1).
  • There are two peaks in rainfall (Jan/Feb and Nov/Dec) (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for general trend (high/wet).
  • 1 mark for specific variation (dip/peaks).
  • 1 mark for data reference (quoting specific months/amounts).

8. Name the climate type of City A and give one reason. [2]

• Answer: Equatorial / Tropical Rainforest (1). Reason: High temperatures year-round (no winter) and high rainfall with no distinct dry season (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for correct name.
  • 1 mark for reason linked to data.

9. Calculate the angle for 'Solar' energy. [2]

• Answer: 36°
• Working: (10 / 100) × 360° = 36°.
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for correct working/formula.
  • 1 mark for correct answer.

10. Compare renewable vs. non-renewable contributions. [3]

• Answer:
  • Non-renewable sources (Coal + Gas) contribute 70% (40+30) (1).
  • Renewable sources (Hydro + Solar + Wind) contribute 30% (15+10+5) (1).
  • Therefore, non-renewable sources are more than double the contribution of renewables (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for calculating/identifying non-renewable total.
  • 1 mark for calculating/identifying renewable total.
  • 1 mark for comparative statement.

11. Advantage and Disadvantage of Coal. [4]

• Answer:
  • Advantage: Coal is relatively cheap/abundant (1), ensuring energy security/low cost for consumers (1).
  • Disadvantage: Burning coal releases high levels of CO2/Greenhouse gases (1), contributing to global warming/air pollution (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for advantage.
  • 1 mark for explanation of advantage.
  • 1 mark for disadvantage.
  • 1 mark for explanation of disadvantage.

Section C: Data Analysis and Fieldwork Skills

12. Calculate the mean average for Site B. [2]

• Answer: 43.3 (or 43).
• Working: (40 + 30 + 60) ÷ 3 = 130 ÷ 3 = 43.33...
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for correct sum (130).
  • 1 mark for correct division/answer.

13. Describe the trend at Site A (CBD). [2]

• Answer: Pedestrian flow increases steadily from 09:00 (120) to 18:00 (180) (1). It is highest in the evening (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for describing the increase.
  • 1 mark for referencing data.

14. Explain why pedestrian flow at Site A is highest at 18:00. [3]

• Answer:
  • 18:00 is typical finishing time for office workers (1).
  • People are leaving work and heading to transport hubs/restaurants (1).
  • This creates a peak in movement compared to mid-day when people are inside working (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for identifying "end of work day".
  • 1 mark for explaining movement (commuting/shopping).
  • 1 mark for contrast with other times.

15. Systematic Sampling: Explanation and Advantage. [4]

• Answer:
  • Explanation: Selecting sites at regular intervals (e.g., every 100m or every 5th street) (1).
  • Advantage 1: It is unbiased/unlike random sampling, it ensures even coverage of the area (1).
  • Advantage 2: It is easy to plan and execute in the field (1).
  • Note: Need explanation + 2 advantages or explanation + 1 well-developed advantage.
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for definition.
  • 1 mark for advantage 1.
  • 1 mark for explanation of advantage 1.
  • 1 mark for second advantage OR deeper explanation.

16. Source of Error and Improvement. [4]

• Answer:
  • Error: Human error in counting (e.g., double counting or missing people in crowds) (1).
  • Impact: This leads to inaccurate data (1).
  • Improvement: Use two students to count simultaneously and compare results (1) or use video recording to verify counts later (1).
  • Alternative Error: Weather conditions affecting pedestrian numbers on that specific day.
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for identifying error.
  • 1 mark for explaining impact.
  • 1 mark for improvement.
  • 1 mark for explaining how improvement helps.

Section D: Synthesis and Evaluation

17. To what extent does the data support the hypothesis? [3]

• Answer:
  • The data strongly supports the hypothesis (1).
  • The mean flow in the CBD (150) is significantly higher than in the Suburb (43) (1).
  • This shows that the CBD attracts more people, likely due to employment and commercial functions (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for judgment (supports).
  • 1 mark for data evidence.
  • 1 mark for brief reasoning.

18. Method for environmental quality. [3]

• Answer:
  • Method: Environmental Quality Survey / Bipolar Survey (1).
  • Justification: It allows for the quantification of subjective factors like noise, litter, and greenery (1), making it easier to compare different sites numerically (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for method.
  • 1 mark for justification.
  • 1 mark for link to comparison/analysis.

19. Importance of multiple counts. [2]

• Answer:
  • To account for temporal variations (changes in flow at different times of day) (1).
  • To calculate a more reliable mean average, reducing the impact of anomalies (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for temporal variation.
  • 1 mark for reliability/average.

20. Urban planning strategy for CBD. [2]

• Answer:
  • Strategy: Widen pavements / Create pedestrian-only zones (1).
  • Benefit: Reduces congestion and improves safety for the high volume of pedestrians (1).
• Marking:
  • 1 mark for strategy.
  • 1 mark for benefit.