Secondary 3 Higher Chinese Practice Paper 4

TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - Higher Chinese Secondary 3 (Answer Key)

Subject: Higher Chinese
Level: Secondary 3
Paper: Practice Paper (Comprehension Focus) — Version 4
Total Marks: 50

Section A: Vocabulary & Language Use [10 marks]

Questions 1–5: Multiple Choice [5 marks]

1. Answer: A
Explanation: “引发” (trigger/lead to) is commonly used with abstract nouns like “讨论” (discussion), “思考” (thought), “共鸣” (resonance). “引起” can also collocate with “讨论” but “引发” better conveys the sense of sparking off a widespread public discussion. “导致” usually carries a negative consequence (lead to an accident/problem). “促成” means facilitate/bring about a positive outcome (e.g., 促成交易).
Mark: 1

2. Answer: B
Explanation: “百折不挠” (persevere despite repeated setbacks) fits the context of an entrepreneur facing fierce competition but refusing to give up. “愈挫愈勇” (braver after each setback) emphasizes growing courage, “自强不息” (self-improvement unceasing) is more general, “坚韧不拔” (unyielding) is a quality but less idiomatic in this sentence structure.
Mark: 1

3. Answer: B
Explanation: “严密” (rigorous/tight) collocates with “逻辑” (logic) to mean logically sound, without loopholes. “缜密” (meticulous) describes thinking/planning; “周密” (thorough) describes plans/arrangements; “细密” (fine/dense) describes texture/structure.
Mark: 1

4. Answer: B
Explanation: The quote “穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下” (When poor, cultivate oneself; when successful, benefit the world) is the classic expression of “经世济民” (governing the world and relieving the people) — the Confucian scholar-official’s ideal of serving society. “修身齐家” (cultivate self, regulate family) is only the first half; “明德惟馨” (virtue is fragrant) and “止于至善” (strive for perfection) are unrelated.
Mark: 1

5. Answer: A
Explanation: “维持” (maintain/sustain) is used for abstract states like “性能” (performance), “秩序” (order), “平衡” (balance). “保持” (keep/retain) is more for habits, posture, contact. “维护” (maintain/defend) is for rights, dignity, equipment. “保全” (preserve/protect) is for safety, interests, evidence.
Mark: 1

Questions 6–10: Sentence Rewriting [5 marks]

6. Answer: 除非我们坚持不懈地努力，否则一定不能克服困难。 / 除非我们不坚持不懈地努力，否则一定能克服困难。
Explanation: Original: “只要 A，就 B” (If A, then B). Rewrite with “除非……否则……”: “除非非 A，否则 B” or “除非 A，否则非 B”. Both are logically equivalent. Common mistake: forgetting to negate one clause.
Mark: 1

7. Answer: 这位科学家既在学术上造诣深厚，又为人谦逊和蔼。
Explanation: “不仅……而且……” → “既……又……”. Both are coordinate conjunctions showing progression. Ensure the two predicates are balanced (both verb phrases).
Mark: 1

8. Answer: 虽然天气恶劣，但救援队员仍然坚守岗位。
Explanation: “尽管……仍然……” → “虽……但……”. Direct conversion. “虽” and “虽然” are interchangeable; “但” and “却/仍” function similarly.
Mark: 1

9. Answer: 这本小说写得如此生动，以至于仿佛人物就站在眼前。
Explanation: “如此……以至于……” expresses degree/result. The original “描写得如此生动，仿佛……” is restructured to fit the required pattern.
Mark: 1

10. Answer: 除非加强环保意识，否则环境污染问题将日益严重。
Explanation: Original: “如果不 A，将 B” (If not A, then B). Rewrite: “除非 A，否则 B”. The negative condition “不加强” becomes positive “加强” after “除非”.
Mark: 1

Section B: Reading Comprehension I [20 marks]

Question 11 [2 marks]

Answer: 思绪不由自主地飘回了几十年前 / 怀念 / 留恋 / 怀旧
Explanation: The question asks for the emotion when the author stands on the modern road. Paragraph ① states: “我的思绪却不由自主地飘回了几十年前的那个午后”. Accept “怀念/留恋/怀旧” as the emotional summary. Must quote or paraphrase from text.
Mark breakdown: 1 mark for identifying the mental action (思绪飘回), 1 mark for naming the emotion (怀念/怀旧).
Common mistake: Writing “感慨” (sigh with emotion) without textual support.

Question 12 [3 marks]

Answer:
“烟火气”指邻里街坊围坐在一起吃饺子、聊天、相互照应的真实、温暖、充满人情味的生活气息。
作者说“米其林大厨能复刻”不了这味道，是因为这味道不仅来自食材和烹饪技艺，更凝聚了岁月沉淀的邻里深情、童年记忆和那个时代独有的社区温情，这些是金钱和技艺无法买来和复制的。
Explanation:

• 1 mark: Explain “烟火气” in context (ordinary, warm, human-connected life).
• 1 mark: Identify that the taste carries emotional/nostalgic value beyond culinary skill.
• 1 mark: Explain why Michelin chefs cannot replicate it (intangible memories, relationships, era-specific atmosphere).
  Mark breakdown: 1+1+1.

Question 13 [3 marks]

Answer:
修辞手法：对比（或“反衬”）。
表达效果：用“推土机的轰鸣声”（象征冷酷、粗暴的现代化拆迁）与“吆喝声”（象征热闹、温情、有烟火气的传统生活）形成强烈对比，深刻揭示了城市发展中传统街区文化被无情摧毁、人情味消逝的残酷现实，强化了作者对逝去美好的惋惜与对冷冰冰现代化的批判。
Explanation:

• 1 mark: Identify rhetorical device (contrast/对比 or foil/反衬).
• 2 marks: Explain the two contrasting sounds and what they symbolize, and the effect (highlighting loss, criticism of heartless modernization).
  Mark breakdown: 1+2.

Question 14 [4 marks]

Answer:
作者对城市发展持批判与忧虑并存的态度：既看到发展带来的便捷舒适，更痛心于传统邻里情感、社区温情的丧失。
引用语句：
① “新的商场里有中央空调、有品牌餐饮，却再也找不回那份‘邻里守望、相互照应’的温情。”（肯定物质便利，否定精神失落）
② “现代化的脚步再快，也不能丢了灵魂的归宿。”（直接点明态度：发展不应以牺牲人文精神为代价）
Explanation:

• 1 mark: Summarize attitude (critical/worried, acknowledges pros but laments loss of human warmth).
• 1.5 marks each for two quotes with brief explanation linking to attitude.
  Mark breakdown: 1 + 1.5 + 1.5.

Question 15 [8 marks]

Answer:
对“灵魂归宿”的理解（4 分）：
“灵魂的归宿”指人在现代化进程中不应迷失的精神家的精神家园和核心价值观。结合全文，它具体包含：
① 人与人之间真挚的情感联结（如邻里守望、相互照应）；
② 对传统文化、生活记忆的传承与珍视（如巷弄文化、手艺人的坚守）；
③ 内心的安宁与归属感（不被物质享受和功利追逐裹挟，保持本真）。

如何在快节奏生活中守住它（4 分，任选两点展开即可）：

1. 主动创造“慢时光”，维系深度人际连接：如定期探望长辈、组织邻里聚会、放下手机与家人深度交谈，让爱不缺席。
2. 传承与体验传统文化：学习一门非遗手艺、阅读经典、参与社区文化活动，让文化基因在指尖流淌。
3. 建立个人精神避难所：通过阅读、写作、冥想、亲近自然等方式，留出独处反思空间，对抗碎片化焦虑。
4. 践行利他与社会责任：参与志愿服务、关注弱势群体，在“兼济天下”中实现自我价值，让灵魂有着力处。

Explanation:
This is an open-ended synthesis question. Marking descriptors:

• Understanding “灵魂的归宿” (4 marks): Must link to text (human connections, cultural memory, inner peace) and show insight beyond literal meaning. 1 mark per valid point, max 4.
• Practical suggestions (4 marks): At least two concrete, actionable, student-relevant suggestions. 2 marks per well-explained suggestion (action + why it guards the “soul”). Generic answers like “study hard” score 0.
  Total: 8 marks.

Section C: Reading Comprehension II [20 marks]

Question 16 [3 marks]

Answer:
① 算法偏见可能加剧社会歧视（如性别、种族歧视）；
② 自动化冲击传统就业；
③ 深度伪造技术威胁信息真实性；
④ 隐私数据在算法面前近乎“裸奔”（隐私泄露/保护难）。
（任选三点，每点 1 分）
Explanation: Direct retrieval from Paragraph ①. Any three distinct negative impacts.
Mark: 3 × 1.

Question 17 [4 marks]

Answer:
原因： 历史数据本身包含了过往社会的系统性偏见（如女性在某些岗位录取率低、少数族裔薪资较低等），算法若以此为训练基础，会将这些历史模式“学习”并固化为预测规则，从而在新决策中延续甚至放大歧视。
技术对策（文中提出）：
① 引入对抗性去偏技术；
② 建立可审计的决策日志。
Explanation:

• 2 marks: Explain why historical data causes bias (data reflects past discrimination → model learns pattern → reproduces it).
• 1 mark each for the two technical measures named in text.
  Mark breakdown: 2+1+1.

Question 18 [3 marks]

Answer:
第一、算法设计须内嵌公平性与透明度（如去偏技术、可审计日志）；
第二、制度创新分配自动化红利（如税制改革、终身学习体系，让数字红利普惠共享）；
第三、构建“技术+法律+媒介素养”多层防御体系应对深度伪造（水印溯源、完善法规、批判性思维教育）。
Explanation: Summarize the three prongs in Paragraph ② in order. Each summary must capture the core thrust.
Mark breakdown: 1 mark per dimension, must include key terms.

Question 19 [4 marks]

Answer:
这个比喻深层含义是：
① AI 本身无道德主体性，无法自主判断善恶，其输出完全取决于人类输入的数据、设定的目标函数和价值取向；
② AI 如实反映人类社会的光明与阴暗——若训练数据含偏见，AI 就输出偏见；若代码写入良知，AI 就呈现公正；
③ 责任最终在人类：不能推卸给算法，而要在代码中“写入良知”、在制度中“植入温情”，主动引导技术向善。
Explanation:

• 1 mark: AI lacks moral agency (mirror has no soul).
• 1 mark: Mirror reflects what is placed before it (data/values in → outcomes out).
• 2 marks: Implication — humans must take responsibility (write conscience into code, warmth into systems).
  Mark breakdown: 1+1+2.

Question 20 [6 marks]

Answer：
作为中学生，我们可从以下方向为“科技向善”贡献力量（任选两点展开，每点 3 分）：

1. 提升数字素养与批判性思维，做清醒的技术使用者
   具体行动：学习识别深度伪造（核实信息源、观察细节异常）、不盲目信任算法推荐、主动跳出“信息茧房”多元获取资讯、保护个人隐私数据（谨慎授权、使用加密工具）。
   意义：从源头抵制技术滥用对个体的操控，倒逼技术生态更透明。

2. 投身跨学科学习，储备“懂技术、懂伦理、懂人文”的复合能力
   具体行动：选修编程/人工智能基础课程，同时研读哲学、社会学、法学相关读物；参与校内外“AI 伦理”主题研讨、黑客马拉松（社会公益组）、模拟立法活动。
   意义：为未来参与算法设计、政策制定、技术治理打下基础，确保技术发展始终以人为本。

3. 践行“科技向善”微实践，用技术解决身边真问题
   具体行动：开发/推广助老适老小程序、为视障同学录制有声书、用数据分析优化社区垃圾分类、参与公益众包标注医疗影像数据。
   意义：以实际行动证明技术的温情价值，影响同龄人树立正确技术观。

4. 参与公共议题表达，为良性监督发声
   具体行动：通过校媒、社交平台理性讨论 AI 伦理热点（如人脸识别滥用、算法歧视案例）、向人大代表/政协委员提交青少年建议书、支持相关公益诉讼。
   意义：行使公民权利，推动法律法规与时俱进，构建外部约束机制。

Explanation:
Open-ended application question. Marking descriptors per suggestion (3 marks each):

• 1 mark: Concrete, specific action suitable for a secondary student (not vague “learn more”).
• 1 mark: Clear link to “科技向善” dimension (literacy, ethics, practice, governance).
• 1 mark: Explanation of why this contributes (mechanism/impact).
  Generic answers (“study hard”, “be good”) score 0. Must show understanding of the passage’s three dimensions (algorithm, system, defense) or the core idea (human responsibility).
  Total: 6 marks.

End of Answer Key