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Secondary 2 Science Scientific Inquiry Quiz
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Secondary 2 Science Quiz - Scientific Inquiry (Answer Key)
Total Marks: 50
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks)
1. B - The variable that is deliberately changed by the experimenter [1] The independent variable is what the experimenter controls/manipulates
2. B - Gas syringe and stopwatch [1] Gas syringe measures volume of gas produced, stopwatch measures time - both needed for rate
3. C - pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration [1] All factors except temperature must be controlled to ensure fair testing
4. C - To improve reliability of results [1] Repeating reduces the effect of random errors and increases confidence in results
5. B - ± 0.5 mm [1] Ruler marked in mm has uncertainty of ± 0.5 mm (half the smallest division)
Section B: Structured Questions (20 marks)
6. Surface area investigation [4]
(a) Surface area of calcium carbonate / size of marble chips [1]
(b) Rate of reaction / time taken for reaction / volume of gas produced per unit time [1]
(c) Any two from: [2]
- Concentration of hydrochloric acid
- Volume of hydrochloric acid
- Temperature
- Mass of calcium carbonate
7. Temperature and dissolving rate [4]
(a) Rate = 1/time = 1/45 = 0.0222 s⁻¹ [2] Award 1 mark for correct method, 1 mark for correct answer
(b) As temperature increases, rate of dissolving increases / positive correlation [1]
(c) Higher temperature gives particles more kinetic energy so they move faster and collide more frequently [1]
8. Soil water retention [4]
(a) Any two from: [2]
- Volume/amount of soil
- Volume of water added initially
- Time allowed for drainage
- Size of drainage holes
- Temperature
(b) Clay particles are smaller/finer, so water is held more tightly between particles / clay has smaller pore spaces [1]
(c) Only measures water that drains out, not total water retained / doesn't account for evaporation / limited time period [1]
9. Seedling growth experiment [4]
(a) Group A [1] Control has all optimal conditions
(b) Effect of light on plant growth [1]
(c) Groups B and C differ in two variables (light and water) [1] Cannot determine which factor is responsible for any difference observed [1]
10. pH and plant growth [4]
(a) pH of soil [1]
(b) Height of plants / mass of plants / number of leaves / root length [1]
(c) Any two from: [2]
- Type of soil (apart from pH)
- Amount of water given
- Amount of light
- Temperature
- Type/variety of bean plant
- Size of pot/container
Section C: Extended Response Questions (20 marks)
11. Experimental design [5]
Method: Use magnesium ribbon of same length/mass in different concentrations of HCl, measure volume of hydrogen gas produced using gas syringe, record time taken and calculate rate [2]
Variables: Independent - concentration of acid; Dependent - rate of reaction/volume of gas produced per unit time [2]
Fair testing: Keep temperature constant, use same mass/length of magnesium, use same volume of acid [1]
12. Accuracy and precision [4]
Accuracy: How close a measurement is to the true/actual value [1] Precision: How close repeated measurements are to each other [1]
Examples: Accurate but not precise: measurements average close to true value but spread out; Precise but not accurate: measurements close together but far from true value [2]
13. Anomalous results [3]
(a) Trial 3 [1] 52 s is significantly different from other values
(b) Mean = (45 + 44 + 46 + 45) ÷ 4 = 180 ÷ 4 = 45.0 s [2] 1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer
14. Paper towel investigation [3]
(a) Brand of paper towel / type of paper towel [1]
(b) Measure mass of water absorbed / measure volume of water absorbed / weigh paper towel before and after [1]
(c) Size of paper towel / amount of water available / time allowed for absorption / temperature [1]
15. Fair test [2]
A fair test is when only one variable is changed while all others are kept constant [1] Important because it ensures any observed changes are due to the variable being tested, not other factors [1]
16. Gas production analysis [3]
(a) 150 seconds (2.5 minutes) because the volume stays constant at 50 cm³ after this time [2]
(b) Rate = 28 cm³ ÷ 2 min = 14 cm³/min [1] Volume at 2 minutes is 28 cm³
17. Graphs vs tables [2]
Graphs make it easier to see patterns and trends in data [1] Graphs allow quick identification of relationships between variables / easier to spot anomalies [1]
18. Plant growth in colored light [4]
(a) Use identical plants, place some under red light and others under blue light, measure height after set time period, keep all other conditions the same [2]
(b) Any two from: [2]
- Type/variety of plant
- Amount of water given
- Temperature
- Intensity of light
- Duration of light exposure
- Size of pot/amount of soil
19. Qualitative vs quantitative observations [3]
Qualitative observation: Describes qualities/characteristics without numbers [1] Quantitative observation: Uses numbers/measurements [1] Examples: Qualitative - the solution turned blue; Quantitative - the temperature increased by 5°C [1]
20. Accuracy and precision comment [1]
Results are quite accurate (close to true value of 2.4 g) and reasonably precise (values close to each other) [1]
Marking Notes:
- Accept alternative correct answers where appropriate
- Award partial credit for partially correct responses
- Look for evidence of scientific understanding in explanations
- Penalize missing units only once per question section
- Accept appropriate scientific terminology and synonyms
Grade Boundaries:
- A: 45-50 marks (90-100%)
- B: 40-44 marks (80-89%)
- C: 35-39 marks (70-79%)
- D: 30-34 marks (60-69%)
- E: 25-29 marks (50-59%)