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Primary 6 PSLE Science Systems Quiz
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Primary 6 PSLE Science Quiz - Systems
Marking Scheme (Version 1 of 5)
Total Marks: 50
Section A: Questions 1-5 (7 marks)
Answer 1.
[1 mark] (c) Small intestine
Answer 2.
[1 mark] The roots (root hairs).
Answer 3.
[1 mark] The bulb does not light up because the circuit is incomplete/open, so electricity cannot flow through it.
Answer 4.
[2 marks]
- (i) xylem
- (ii) phloem
Answer 5.
[2 marks] Any two of the following:
- The long length and many folds greatly increase the surface area for absorbing digested food.
- Digested food can be absorbed more quickly and efficiently into the bloodstream.
Section B: Questions 6-10 (12 marks)
Answer 6.
[2 marks] The other bulb goes out too. In a series circuit there is only one complete path for the electricity to flow; when one bulb's filament breaks, the circuit becomes broken/incomplete, so no current reaches either bulb.
Answer 7.
[2 marks]
- (a) The xylem tubes. [1 mark]
- (b) Water is transported upwards through the stem (from the roots) to the other parts of the plant such as the leaves and flowers. [1 mark]
Answer 8.
[3 marks]
- (a) The other two bulbs stay lit with unchanged brightness. [1 mark]
- (b) Each bulb in a parallel circuit has its own complete path to the battery, so removing one bulb does not break the paths of the others. [1 mark]
- (c) If one bulb/light fails, the others continue to work. [1 mark]
Answer 9.
[2 marks] Digested food exists as small, soluble molecules that can pass through the walls of the small intestine into the blood. Whole (undigested) food particles are too large to pass through, so they must first be broken down by digestion.
Answer 10.
[3 marks] During running, the muscles need more energy, so respiration must happen faster. Faster breathing takes in more oxygen (and removes more carbon dioxide), and a faster heartbeat pumps oxygen and nutrients to the muscles more quickly so more energy can be released.
Section C: Questions 11-15 (15 marks)
Answer 11.
[3 marks]
- (a) Her muscles needed more energy while running, so she needed to take in more oxygen for faster respiration. [1 mark]
- (b) Oxygen. [1 mark]
- (c) The lungs. [1 mark]
Answer 12.
[3 marks]
- (a) Any two of: the battery is flat/dead; a wire is loose or broken (incomplete circuit); one or both bulb filaments are blown. [2 marks]
- (b) Replace or test one component at a time (for example, swap in a new battery, then check the bulbs and wires) until the bulbs light up. [1 mark]
Answer 13.
[3 marks]
- (a) The xylem tubes. [1 mark]
- (b) The plant would wilt and eventually die. [1 mark]
- (c) Blocked xylem means water cannot be transported from the roots to the leaves; without water the leaves cannot stay firm or make food, so the plant dies. [1 mark]
Answer 14.
[3 marks] Any three linked points:
- The digestive system breaks the sandwich down into small, soluble nutrients in the small intestine.
- These nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream.
- The circulatory system (heart pumping blood through blood vessels) carries the nutrients to the leg muscles, where they are used to release energy.
Answer 15.
[3 marks]
- (a) X is an electrical conductor; Y is an electrical insulator. [1 mark]
- (b) Examples: X - copper/metal wire; Y - plastic/rubber. [1 mark]
- (c) Insulating material such as plastic is used to cover wires (and plug casings) so people do not get an electric shock when touching them. [1 mark]
Section D: Questions 16-20 (16 marks)
Answer 16.
[4 marks]
- (a) Variable changed: the number of batteries connected to the bulb (e.g., 1, then 2, then 3). [1 mark]
- (b) Variables kept the same: any two of - the same type of bulb; the same type/freshness of batteries; the same wires and connections; the same circuit arrangement. [2 marks]
- (c) Observe and compare the brightness of the bulb each time (or measure the light using a sensor). [1 mark]
Answer 17.
[4 marks] Amy is correct. In a series circuit, the electrical energy from the battery is shared between the two bulbs, so each bulb gets less and glows dimmer. In a parallel circuit, each bulb has its own complete path to the battery, so the single bulb receives the full energy/current from the battery and glows more brightly.
Answer 18.
[3 marks] Any two effects, each with explanation:
- Less digested food is absorbed, so the body gets fewer nutrients and less energy; the person becomes weak/tired.
- With less nutrition over time, the person may lose weight and fall sick easily because the body cannot repair itself or fight germs well.
Answer 19.
[2 marks]
- Similarity: Both have a network of tubes that transport useful substances to all parts of the organism.
- Difference: A plant's xylem and phloem transport water, mineral salts and food without a pump, while a human's blood vessels carry oxygen, nutrients and waste in blood pumped by the heart.
Answer 20.
[3 marks]
- (a) In a series arrangement, all three batteries push current along the same single path. When one battery is flat, it cannot contribute energy and the total push driving the current drops, so less electricity flows and the bulb glows dimly. [2 marks]
- (b) Replace the batteries one at a time with known good ones (or test each battery with a battery tester) until the torch glows brightly again. [1 mark]
END OF MARKING SCHEME