Primary 6 PSLE Chinese Practice Paper 3

TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - Chinese Primary 6 PSLE

Answer Key and Marking Scheme — Version 3 of 5

Total Marks: 100 marks

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Section A: Vocabulary and Language Use (语言运用)

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Question 1 (2 marks)

Answer: B. 骄兵必败

Explanation: This idiom (成语) means "an arrogant army is bound to lose." The context describes someone becoming arrogant (骄傲自满) after a competition, needing a lesson about the dangers of arrogance.

• "欲速则不达" (haste makes waste) — about rushing, not arrogance ×
• "骄兵必败" (arrogant troops must fail) — directly matches the context ✓
• "熟能生巧" (practice makes perfect) — about skill development, irrelevant ×
• "锲而不舍" (perseverance) — about persistence, not the warning needed here ×

Teaching note: The key clue is "再也不敢骄傲自满" — we need an idiom warning against骄傲. 骄 in 骄兵必败 directly connects to 骄傲.

Common mistake: Choosing D because it's also positive-sounding, but the context needs a warning, not encouragement.

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Question 2 (2 marks)

Answer: C. 尽心尽力

Explanation: 尽心尽力 means "with all one's heart and effort." The context describes preparing dinner for a warm family evening, requiring positive, dedicated effort.

• "心不在焉" (absent-minded) — negative, contradicts the warm purpose ×
• "手忙脚乱" (flustered, in a rush) — suggests panic, not care ×
• "尽心尽力" — wholehearted effort, matches the loving intention ✓
• "敷衍了事" (perfunctory, careless) — negative, opposite meaning ×

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Question 3 (2 marks)

Answer: D. 百折不挠

Explanation: All options mean persistence, but with different emphases:

• 坚持不懈: unremitting, continuous effort
• 锲而不舍: persistent like carving (from "can't give up carving")
• 持之以恒: persevere with constancy
• 百折不挠: undaunted by repeated setbacks — specifically emphasizes overcoming挫折 (frustration/setbacks)

The phrase "面对困难" (facing difficulties/挫折) makes D most precise, as it includes the meaning of overcoming repeated hardships.

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Question 4 (2 marks)

Answer: A. 生动形象

Explanation: The key phrase "仿佛身临其境" (as if personally on the scene) indicates vivid, sensory writing that makes readers feel present. 生动形象 (vivid and concrete) directly produces this effect.

• B is neutral about clarity, not vividness
• C and D are negative, contradicting the positive context

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Question 5 (2 marks)

Answer: A. 阿谀奉承

Explanation: The context establishes "正直" (upright/integrity) and "深受信任" (deeply trusted) as positive traits. The blank needs a negative behavior that an upright person avoids.

• "阿谀奉承" (fawn on, flatter obsequiously) — negative behavior, opposite of正直 ✓
• "直言不讳" (speak without reserve) — positive, similar to正直 ×
• "光明磊落" — positive, synonymous with正直 ×
• "坦诚相待" (treat with honesty) — positive ×

Double negative structure: "从不阿谀奉承" = does NOT flatter = maintains integrity.

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Question 6 (3 marks)

Sample answer: 虽然天气十分炎热，但是工人们仍然坚持在工地上劳动。

Marking breakdown:

• Correct use of "虽然……但是……" structure: 1 mark
• Logical contrast between the two clauses: 1 mark
• Complete, grammatically correct sentence: 1 mark

Teaching note: 虽然 introduces a concession/contrast; 但是 introduces the unexpected result. The two parts must show genuine contrast, not just sequence.

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Question 7 (3 marks)

Answer: 院子里的花盆被大风吹倒了。

Marking breakdown:

• Correct 被 structure: [Receiver] + 被 + [Doer] + [Action]: 1 mark
• All original meaning preserved: 1 mark
• Correct word order, no missing elements: 1 mark

Teaching note: 把 sentence = [Doer] + 把 + [Receiver] + [Action]
被 sentence = [Receiver] + 被 + [Doer] + [Action]

The doer (大风) and action (吹倒了) remain; only the subject-object relationship reverses.

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Question 8 (3 marks)

Sample answer: 他不但学习勤奋，而且乐于助人。

Marking breakdown:

• Correct 不但……而且…… structure: 1 mark
• Logical progressive relationship (后者比前者更进一步): 1 mark
• No redundancy, smooth connection: 1 mark

Teaching note: 不但……而且…… expresses a progressive/concessive relationship where the second part adds or intensifies beyond the first. Both clauses share the same subject here (他).

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Question 9 (3 marks)

Marking breakdown:

• Correctly identify both as sensory descriptions using触觉 (touch): 1 mark
• Explain 春风拂面: gentle, comfortable, pleasant spring breeze: 1 mark
• Explain 寒风刺骨: painful, piercing, uncomfortable cold wind: 1 mark

Sample answer: 两个词语都运用了触觉描写。"春风拂面"写出春风轻柔、温暖、令人舒适的感觉；"寒风刺骨"则写出寒风尖锐、冰冷、令人疼痛的感觉。前者表达愉悦美好的感受，后者表达难受痛苦的感受，形成鲜明对比。

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Question 10 (3 marks)

Sample answer: 我一回到家，妈妈就开始准备晚餐了。

Marking breakdown:

• Correct 一……就…… structure showing immediate succession: 1 mark
• Preserved original meaning: 1 mark
• Correct word order: 1 mark

Teaching note: 一……就…… = "as soon as... then..." indicating two actions happening in quick sequence, with the first triggering the second immediately.

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Section B: Reading Comprehension Short Passages

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Question 11 (4 marks)

Answer: 运用了比喻的修辞手法。

Analysis:

• 本体 (tenor): 火苗的形态
• 喻体 (vehicle): 爷爷讲故事时闪烁的眼睛
• 相似点: 跳动、闪烁、温暖、充满生命力

表达效果 (2 marks):

1. 生动形象地写出了煤油灯火苗忽明忽暗、微微跳动的动态美
2. 将火苗与爷爷的眼睛联系起来，暗示爷爷的生命力和故事的生命力融为一体，表达了"我"对爷爷的温暖记忆和深厚感情

Common mistake: Saying only "比喻" without analyzing 闪烁 or the emotional connection to爷爷.

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Question 12 (4 marks)

Marking breakdown:

• 表层含义 (literal): 煤油灯的物理光亮要继续使用、代代保存: 1 mark
• 深层含义—读书传统 (figurative layer 1): 家里重视教育、勤奋学习的家风要传承: 2 marks
• 深层含义—精神传承 (figurative layer 2): 不畏艰难、坚持不懈的精神要代代相传: 1 mark

Sample answer: 表面上指煤油灯要保存好，一代代用下去。深层含义是：①家里重视读书、勤奋好学的传统要代代相传——曾祖父在灯下读书考上学堂，爷爷靠灯下读书成为村里第一个文化人，爸爸也在灯下读书；②更重要的是那种在艰苦环境中仍然坚持学习、不屈不挠的精神要传承下去。"光"象征着知识、希望和精神力量。

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Question 13 (5 marks)

Marking breakdown:

情感象征角度 (3 marks):

• 煤油灯是家族的"传家宝"，承载着三代人的记忆和情感: 1 mark
• 爷爷把灯传给"我"，是希望"我"记住家族历史和读书传统: 1 mark
• 灯座上的"继学"二字，明确表达了继续学习的期望: 1 mark

实际作用角度 (2 marks):

• 点灯的行为创造了一种仪式感，让学习变得庄重、专注: 1 mark
• 火苗的视觉特点和气味，帮助"我"进入学习状态，与祖辈产生精神连接: 1 mark

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Question 14 (4 marks)

Marking breakdown:

• 理解"亮下去"的表层与深层含义: 1 mark
• 结合三代人传承的具体内容: 2 marks
• 联系到"我"对未来的期望和行动: 1 mark

Sample answer: "亮下去"既指煤油灯的火焰会继续燃烧，更指家族读书的传统和勤奋向学的精神会持续传承。从曾祖父到爷爷、到爸爸，再到"我"，每一代人都在灯下学习、成长。"我"现在把灯放在书桌上，意味着"我"要接过这份责任，继续努力学习，并把这种精神传给自己的后代。这句话表达了作者对家族传统的珍视和对未来的信心。

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Question 15 (4 marks)

苔藓的生存本领	具体表现
超强的吸水能力	单层细胞叶片直接从空气中吸水；拳头大小可储存自身体重20倍的水
特殊的繁殖方式	依靠孢子繁殖；一个孢蒴含数千颗孢子，随风飘散
惊人的再生能力	切成碎片后每片都能长成新植株；科学家用于铺设"绿毯"防止土壤流失

Marking: 1-2 correct rows = 1 mark; 3 correct rows = 3 marks; accurate, complete details = 4 marks

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Question 16 (5 marks)

"蓄水池" (2 marks):

• 苔藓在干旱时能保存大量水分（自身体重20倍）
• 像一个储存水的水库，在缺水时提供水分储备

"海绵" (2 marks):

• 苔藓在下雨时迅速吸收空气中的水分
• 像海绵一样具有快速吸水的特性

两者关系 (1 mark):

• 这两个比喻说明苔藓在不同环境条件下都能有效管理水分，是其适应干旱环境的关键策略

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Question 17 (5 marks)

比喻依据 (3 marks):

• 苔藓对空气污染极其敏感，在污染重的城市难以存活
• 如同"仪器"能检测、显示空气质量状况
• 有"苔藓消失的地方，空气就不安全"的说法作为理论支撑

优点 (2 marks):

• 天然、环保，不需要能源和复杂设备
• 直观可见，普通人也能判断（有苔藓=空气好，无苔藓=可能污染）
• 持续监测，实时反映环境变化

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Question 18 (6 marks)

Marking breakdown:

解释"顽强" (2 marks):

• 苔藓能在岩石、树皮、砖缝等最贫瘠环境中生存
• 具有超强吸水、孢子繁殖、碎片再生三大本领，适应力极强

解释"脆弱" (2 marks):

• 对空气污染极其敏感，稍有污染就无法存活
• 这种敏感性使其"最顽强"的生存能力在污染面前失效

理解矛盾统一 (2 marks):

• 两个词语从不同角度描述：顽强是对自然环境（贫瘠）的适应；脆弱是对人为污染（化学）的敏感
• 深层含义：真正的生命力依赖于纯净的环境，警示人类要保护自然；或者：越是能忍受自然艰苦的生命，越无法承受人为的破坏

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Section C: Reading Comprehension Long Passage

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Question 19 (5 marks)

结构角度 (2 marks):

• 铺垫/伏笔 (foreshadowing): 为后文揭示陈师傅"用心"做面的品质做铺垫
• 对比/反差: 后文写他宁可送面给老人也不急着多卖，突出精神品质高于物质利益

内容角度 (3 marks):

• 说明面受欢迎，间接表现陈师傅手艺高超: 1 mark
• "用心"是根本原因，为全文主题"以心换心"埋下伏笔: 1 mark
• 引发读者好奇：为什么这么受欢迎？吸引阅读兴趣: 1 mark

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Question 20 (5 marks)

性格特点分析:

细节	表现的品质	分析
主动招呼"坐"	热情好客	不因对方衣着破旧而冷淡
"看看也欢迎"	尊重他人	接纳对方的不确定、犹豫
端来热茶	体贴关怀	用"热茶"温暖身体，更温暖人心

深层分析 (2 marks):

• 陈师傅的回应展现了他的敏锐观察力（察觉老人的窘迫）和高情商（不给对方压力，用最低的姿态邀请）
• 一杯"热茶"在老人"两天没吃东西"的处境下，既是实际的需要，更是精神上的尊重——把"看看"的人也当作客人

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Question 21 (6 marks)

(a) 为什么这样说 (3 marks):

• 维护尊严 (1 mark): 老人自尊心强，直接施舍会让他感到难堪、接受施舍的压力
• 给予尊重 (1 mark): "帮我尝尝咸淡"把老人变成"帮助者""有技能的人"，让他以平等身份参与，而非接受恩惠
• 保留体面 (1 mark): "调新配方"给老人一个自然接受的理由，是"工作"而非"救济"

(b) 其他细节 (3 marks):

• "两碗都是给他的"的察觉与默契 (1 mark): 老人"明白"但不说破，陈师傅心照不宣，保护彼此的体面
• "塞给他一些钱"说成"买车票，找儿子" (1 mark): 钱是"借"的用途，不是"给"的施舍，有归还/正当使用的理由
• "我这儿缺人手" (1 mark): 给老人回来找工作的理由，不是"施舍一张饭票"，而是"需要你劳动"

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Question 22 (6 marks)

"竟然"的表达效果:

• 出乎意料 (2 marks): 读者和陈师傅都以为老人只是普通穷人，结果是"退休的面点大师"，身份反差大
• 情节转折 (2 marks): 使故事从"单向帮助"转向"双向受益"，推动后续老人回来教做面的情节
• 主题深化 (2 marks): 暗示尊重每一个人的重要性——任何人的身份都可能超出表面；也暗示陈师傅的善良得到超越物质的回报，但更重要的是证明了"用心"能发现每个人的价值

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Question 23 (6 marks)

Marking breakdown:

以心换心 (3 marks):

• 陈师傅用心帮助老人：维护尊严、提供工作机会、真诚关怀
• 老人用心回报：带回技术传授、带来儿子支持、以锦旗致谢
• 双方在"用心"的交流中建立深厚的信任和情谊

面香传世 (3 marks):

• 字面：面的味道因两位师傅的合力而更加醇厚，手艺传承下去
• 深层：陈师傅善待他人的精神（"面香"的象征）通过这个故事传递给更多人——挂在墙上的锦旗、流传的故事
• 强调"传世"的不是面，是"用心"待人的价值观

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Question 24 (6 marks)

Allow both同意 and不同意, marked by reasoning quality:

Level 1 (1-2 marks): Simple agreement/disagreement without textual support

Level 2 (3-4 marks): Some reasoning with partial text reference

Level 3 (5-6 marks): Nuanced argument with full textual evidence

同意 sample argument:

• 陈师傅确实得到回报：技术提升、名声扩大、连锁合作机会
• 但故事强调的是"无心"的帮助得到"意外"回报——陈师傅当初并未图回报

不同意/更深刻的 sample argument:

• 核心不是"好人有好报"的利益交换，而是尊严的相互确认
• 陈师傅维护老人尊严，老人以技术回报也是维护陈师傅作为"师傅"的尊严
• "以心换心"是平等的价值观交换，不是功利计算
• 如果只是为了"好报"，陈师傅不会用那么委婉的方式帮助人

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Question 25 (6 marks)

Marking descriptors:

分数	要求
1-2	例子简单或空泛，说理不清楚，字数不足
3-4	例子较具体，能说明"用心"，但联系不够深入
5-6	例子具体生动，能清晰说明"用心"的细节和效果，有感悟升华

Sample框架:

• 例子：同学考试失利，我没有嘲笑，而是陪他分析错题、整理笔记（具体行动）
• "用心"体现：察觉他的情绪（不直接问"你怎么考这么差"），选择适当方式帮助
• 结果：他恢复信心，我们友谊加深
• 感悟：用心不是做大事，是在细节处尊重他人感受

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END OF ANSWER KEY

Total: 100 marks