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Primary 5 Science Diversity Quiz
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Questions
Primary 5 Science Quiz - Diversity
Name: ___________________________
Class: ___________________________
Date: ___________________________
Score: ________ / 40
Duration: 40 minutes
Total Marks: 40
Instructions
- Answer all questions.
- Write your answers in the spaces provided.
- The number of marks for each question is shown in brackets [ ].
- You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on this quiz.
- Read each question carefully before answering.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks)
Questions 1–10: Choose the most correct answer. Write the letter (A, B, C, or D) in the space provided.
1. Which of the following best describes the term "biodiversity"?
A) The study of living things in a laboratory B) The variety of living organisms found in an environment C) The number of animals in a zoo D) The process of plants making food
Answer: ________ [1]
2. A habitat is best defined as
A) the food that an organism eats. B) the natural home or environment where an organism lives. C) the way an organism moves from place to place. D) the colour of an organism's body covering.
Answer: ________ [1]
3. Which of the following is a characteristic that helps a polar bear survive in the Arctic?
A) Thin fur to stay cool B) A layer of fat under the skin to keep warm C) Brightly coloured fur to attract mates D) Large ears to release heat
Answer: ________ [1]
4. The diagram below shows a simple food chain.
Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake
Which organism is the producer?
A) Grasshopper B) Frog C) Grass D) Snake
Answer: ________ [1]
5. Which of the following is a way that plants ensure the dispersal of their seeds?
A) Photosynthesis B) Pollination only C) Wind, water, and animals D) Respiration
Answer: ________ [1]
6. Two students counted the number of different plant species in two different areas. Their results are shown below.
| Area | Number of Plant Species |
|---|---|
| A | 3 |
| B | 12 |
Which conclusion can be drawn from the results?
A) Area A has greater biodiversity than Area B. B) Area B has greater biodiversity than Area A. C) Both areas have the same biodiversity. D) The results do not tell us anything about biodiversity.
Answer: ________ [1]
7. Which of the following is an example of a structural adaptation?
A) A bird migrating to a warmer country in winter. B) A chameleon changing its colour to match its surroundings. C) A cactus having thick, fleshy stems to store water. D) A bear hibernating during winter.
Answer: ________ [1]
8. In a food web, if the number of frogs decreases greatly, what is most likely to happen to the number of insects?
A) The number of insects will decrease. B) The number of insects will increase. C) The number of insects will stay the same. D) The number of insects will first increase, then decrease.
Answer: ________ [1]
9. Which of the following environments would you expect to have the highest biodiversity?
A) A sandy desert B) A frozen tundra C) A tropical rainforest D) A rocky mountain peak
Answer: ________ [1]
10. The diagram shows two types of plants.
Plant X has broad, flat leaves. Plant Y has needle-like leaves.
Which statement is most likely correct?
A) Plant X lives in a dry environment and Plant Y lives in a wet environment. B) Plant X lives in a wet environment and Plant Y lives in a dry or cold environment. C) Both plants live in the same type of environment. D) The shape of the leaves has nothing to do with the environment.
Answer: ________ [1]
Section B: Short Answer Questions (20 marks)
Questions 11–16: Write your answers in the spaces provided.
11. The table below shows four organisms and their habitats.
| Organism | Habitat |
|---|---|
| Camel | Desert |
| Fish | Pond |
| Polar bear | Arctic |
| Mangrove tree | Coastal swamp |
(a) Choose one organism from the table. State one characteristic that helps it survive in its habitat. [2]
Organism: ___________________________
Characteristic: _______________________________________________________________
(b) Explain how the characteristic you stated in (a) helps the organism survive. [2]
12. The diagram below shows a simple food web in a garden ecosystem.
Hawk
/ \
Lizard Snake
| |
Caterpillar Mouse
\ /
Grass
(a) Name one food chain from the food web that contains exactly three organisms. [1]
(b) Which organism in the food web is the producer? [1]
(c) Explain what would happen to the number of caterpillars if all the lizards were removed from the garden. [2]
13. A student investigated the number of different animal species found in two locations over five days. The results are shown below.
| Day | Number of different species in Location P | Number of different species in Location Q |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | 8 |
| 2 | 5 | 9 |
| 3 | 3 | 7 |
| 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 5 | 4 | 8 |
(a) Calculate the average number of different species found in Location Q over the five days. Show your working. [2]
Working: ___________________________________________________________________
Answer: ___________________________
(b) Based on the data, which location has greater biodiversity? Give a reason for your answer. [2]
14. The diagram below shows two types of beaks found in birds.
Beak A: Short, thick, and strong Beak B: Long, thin, and pointed
(a) Which beak (A or B) is most suitable for cracking hard seeds? Explain your answer. [2]
(b) Suggest what type of food Beak B is most suitable for obtaining. [1]
15. Explain why a tropical rainforest has greater biodiversity than a desert. Give two reasons. [4]
Reason 1: __________________________________________________________________
Reason 2: __________________________________________________________________
16. The table below classifies four animals into two groups based on their characteristics.
| Group 1 | Group 2 |
|---|---|
| Bat | Eagle |
| Whale | Chicken |
(a) What characteristic is used to classify the animals into these two groups? [1]
(b) Name one other animal that could belong to Group 1. [1]
Section C: Structured / Application Questions (10 marks)
Questions 17–20: Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
17. A farmer noticed that the number of bees visiting his oil palm plantation had decreased significantly over the past year. He also observed that the yield of oil palm fruits had dropped.
(a) Suggest a reason for the decrease in the number of bees visiting the plantation. [1]
(b) Explain how the decrease in the number of bees could lead to a drop in oil palm fruit yield. [2]
(c) Suggest one action the farmer could take to increase the number of bees in his plantation. [1]
18. The diagram shows a mangrove ecosystem.
[Mangrove trees] → [Crabs feed on fallen leaves] → [Herons feed on crabs]
↓
[Bacteria decompose dead matter]
(a) Name the producer in this food chain. [1]
(b) What role do the bacteria play in this ecosystem? [1]
(c) Explain why mangrove trees are important to the survival of crabs in this ecosystem. [2]
19. Two students, Ali and Bala, studied the diversity of insects in two different gardens. Their findings are shown below.
Garden Ali studied: A well-maintained garden with many types of flowering plants, a small pond, and a compost heap.
Garden Bala studied: A garden with only grass and no other plants or water features.
(a) Whose garden is likely to have greater insect diversity? Explain your answer. [2]
(b) Give one reason why having greater insect diversity is beneficial to a garden ecosystem. [1]
20. Read the following passage and answer the questions below.
The Amazon Rainforest is one of the most biodiverse places on Earth. It is home to millions of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms. However, large areas of the rainforest are being cleared every year for farming and logging. Scientists warn that many species may become extinct before they are even discovered.
(a) Explain why clearing the rainforest could lead to the extinction of species. [2]
(b) Suggest one way people can help protect the biodiversity of the rainforest. [1]
End of Quiz
Answers
Primary 5 Science Quiz - Diversity
Answer Key
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks)
1. B — The variety of living organisms found in an environment [1]
- Marking note: "Biodiversity" refers to the range of different living things in a given area, not just the number of animals or a scientific process.
2. B — The natural home or environment where an organism lives [1]
- Marking note: A habitat includes all the conditions an organism needs to survive (food, water, shelter), not just one factor.
3. B — A layer of fat under the skin to keep warm [1]
- Marking note: Polar bears have thick fur AND a fat layer (blubber) for insulation. Thin fur, bright colours, and large ears would be disadvantageous in the Arctic.
4. C — Grass [1]
- Marking note: Producers are organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis. In this food chain, grass is the only producer.
5. C — Wind, water, and animals [1]
- Marking note: Seed dispersal methods include wind (e.g., dandelion), water (e.g., coconut), and animals (e.g., burrs sticking to fur or fruits being eaten).
6. B — Area B has greater biodiversity than Area A [1]
- Marking note: Greater biodiversity means a greater variety of species. Area B has 12 species compared to Area A's 3 species.
7. C — A cactus having thick, fleshy stems to store water [1]
- Marking note: Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism. Options A, B, and D describe behavioural adaptations.
8. B — The number of insects will increase [1]
- Marking note: Frogs eat insects. If frogs decrease, there are fewer predators, so the insect population would increase (at least initially).
9. C — A tropical rainforest [1]
- Marking note: Tropical rainforests have warm temperatures, abundant rainfall, and diverse plant life, supporting the greatest variety of organisms.
10. B — Plant X lives in a wet environment and Plant Y lives in a dry or cold environment [1]
- Marking note: Broad leaves (Plant X) are suited to wet environments where water loss is not a concern. Needle-like leaves (Plant Y) reduce water loss and are adapted to dry or cold conditions.
Section B: Short Answer Questions (20 marks)
11. (a) [2 marks]
- Example answer using camel: Organism: Camel. Characteristic: Humps that store fat.
- Example answer using polar bear: Organism: Polar bear. Characteristic: Thick white fur.
- Example answer using mangrove tree: Organism: Mangrove tree. Characteristic: Roots that grow above the water surface (aerial roots).
- Example answer using fish: Organism: Fish. Characteristic: Gills for breathing underwater.
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for correctly choosing an organism and 1 mark for stating a relevant characteristic. Accept any valid characteristic linked to the organism's survival in its habitat.
(b) [2 marks]
- Example answer (camel): The fat stored in the humps can be broken down to provide energy and water when food and water are scarce in the desert. This helps the camel survive for long periods without eating or drinking.
- Example answer (polar bear): The thick fur traps a layer of air close to the skin, which acts as insulation and helps keep the polar bear warm in the freezing Arctic temperatures.
- Example answer (mangrove tree): The aerial roots take in oxygen from the air because the waterlogged soil does not have enough oxygen for normal roots to breathe.
- Example answer (fish): Gills allow the fish to take in dissolved oxygen from the water, which the fish needs for respiration to release energy.
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for linking the characteristic to a survival function and 1 mark for explaining the mechanism or reason clearly.
12. (a) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Grass → Caterpillar → Lizard OR Grass → Caterpillar → Snake OR Grass → Mouse → Snake
- Marking note: The food chain must start with the producer (Grass) and contain exactly three organisms in the correct order.
(b) [1 mark]
- Answer: Grass
- Marking note: Grass is the producer because it makes its own food through photosynthesis.
(c) [2 marks]
- Answer: The number of caterpillars would increase [1] because lizards are predators of caterpillars, so with fewer lizards, fewer caterpillars would be eaten [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for stating the increase and 1 mark for explaining the predator-prey relationship. Do not accept answers that only state "caterpillars will increase" without a reason.
13. (a) [2 marks]
- Working: (8 + 9 + 7 + 10 + 8) ÷ 5 = 42 ÷ 5 = 8.4
- Answer: 8.4 species
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for correct working and 1 mark for the correct answer. Accept 8 or 8.4 if the student rounds, but 8.4 is more precise.
(b) [2 marks]
- Answer: Location Q has greater biodiversity [1] because it has a higher average number of different species (8.4) compared to Location P (4.4) [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for identifying Location Q and 1 mark for comparing the data. Students may also refer to individual day counts as evidence.
14. (a) [2 marks]
- Answer: Beak A [1] because a short, thick, and strong beak can apply great force to crack open hard shells of seeds [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for identifying Beak A and 1 mark for explaining the link between beak structure and function.
(b) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Nectar from flowers / insects from narrow spaces / small insects from bark / probing into soft ground for worms
- Marking note: Accept any reasonable food source that a long, thin, pointed beak could access.
15. [4 marks]
- Example answer:
- Reason 1: The tropical rainforest has abundant rainfall and warm temperatures all year round, which provide ideal conditions for a wide variety of plants to grow. More plant species mean more food and shelter for different animal species. [2]
- Reason 2: The desert has very little water and extreme temperatures, which make it difficult for most organisms to survive. Only a few specially adapted species can live there, resulting in lower biodiversity. [2]
- Marking note: Award 2 marks per reason. Each reason must include a comparison between the two environments and explain how the condition affects biodiversity. Award 1 mark if the reason is partially explained.
16. (a) [1 mark]
- Answer: The animals in Group 1 are mammals and the animals in Group 2 are birds. (OR: Group 1 animals give birth to live young / produce milk; Group 2 animals lay eggs / have feathers.)
- Marking note: Accept any valid distinguishing characteristic between mammals and birds.
(b) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Dog, cat, dolphin, elephant, human, monkey, cow, etc. (any mammal)
- Marking note: Accept any animal that is a mammal. Do not accept birds, reptiles, fish, or insects.
Section C: Structured / Application Questions (10 marks)
17. (a) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Use of pesticides killed the bees / destruction of nearby flowering plants that bees feed on / pollution in the area / loss of natural habitats
- Marking note: Accept any reasonable suggestion that explains a decrease in bee population.
(b) [2 marks]
- Answer: Bees are important pollinators [1]. When bees visit flowers, they transfer pollen from one flower to another, which is needed for fertilisation and fruit production. With fewer bees, less pollination occurs, so fewer fruits are produced [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for identifying bees as pollinators and 1 mark for explaining the link between pollination and fruit yield.
(c) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Plant more flowering plants to attract bees / reduce or stop using pesticides / set up beehives in the plantation / create a nearby water source for bees
- Marking note: Accept any reasonable action that would help increase the bee population.
18. (a) [1 mark]
- Answer: Mangrove trees
- Marking note: Mangrove trees are producers because they make their own food through photosynthesis.
(b) [1 mark]
- Answer: Bacteria act as decomposers [1]. They break down dead organic matter (dead organisms and waste) into simpler substances, returning nutrients to the soil/water.
- Marking note: Accept "decomposer" or a description of the decomposer role.
(c) [2 marks]
- Answer: Mangrove trees provide food for crabs in the form of fallen leaves [1]. They also provide shelter and a habitat for crabs to live among the roots, protecting them from predators [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for food and 1 mark for shelter/habitat. Accept other valid points such as roots providing a surface for crabs to cling to.
19. (a) [2 marks]
- Answer: Ali's garden is likely to have greater insect diversity [1] because it has a greater variety of plants, a water source (pond), and a compost heap, which provide more types of food, shelter, and breeding grounds for different insect species [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for identifying Ali's garden and 1 mark for explaining the link between habitat diversity and insect diversity.
(b) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Greater insect diversity helps with pollination of plants / helps control pest populations (e.g., ladybugs eat aphids) / decomposers help recycle nutrients / a more balanced and stable ecosystem
- Marking note: Accept any valid benefit of insect diversity to a garden ecosystem.
20. (a) [2 marks]
- Answer: Clearing the rainforest destroys the habitats of many species [1]. Without their natural habitat, these organisms lose their food sources, shelter, and breeding grounds, and may not be able to survive elsewhere, leading to extinction [1].
- Marking note: Award 1 mark for identifying habitat destruction and 1 mark for explaining the consequence (loss of food/shelter/breeding grounds leading to extinction).
(b) [1 mark]
- Acceptable answers: Support organisations that protect rainforests / reduce consumption of products linked to deforestation (e.g., unsustainably sourced palm oil) / raise awareness about rainforest conservation / support reforestation efforts / create nature reserves
- Marking note: Accept any reasonable suggestion that would help protect rainforest biodiversity.
End of Answer Key
Total: 40 marks