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Primary 5 Mathematics Addition Subtraction Quiz
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Primary 5 Mathematics Quiz - Addition Subtraction (Answer Key)
Total Marks: 40
Section A: Multiple Choice (10 marks)
| Question | Answer | Marks | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | (A) 47 929 | 2 | Step 1: Align the numbers vertically by place value: 35 240 + 12 689. <br>Step 2: Add the ones: 0 + 9 = 9. <br>Step 3: Add the tens: 4 + 8 = 12, write 2 and carry 1 to the hundreds. <br>Step 4: Add the hundreds: 2 + 6 + 1 (carried) = 9. <br>Step 5: Add the thousands: 5 + 2 = 7. <br>Step 6: Add the ten thousands: 3 + 1 = 4. <br>Result: 47 929. <br>Common mistake: Forgetting to carry over the 1 from the tens column leads to 47 829 (B) or 47 839 (C) if the hundreds are also misadded. |
| 2 | (B) 265 433 | 2 | Step 1: Align vertically: 500 000 – 234 567. <br>Step 2: Regroup: Since 0 < 7, borrow 1 from the hundred thousands → 500 000 becomes 499 999 + 1 in the ones. Units: 10 – 7 = 3. <br>Step 3: Tens: 9 – 6 = 3. Hundreds: 9 – 5 = 4. Thousands: 9 – 4 = 5. Ten thousands: 9 – 3 = 6. Hundred thousands: 4 – 2 = 2. <br>Step 4: Result: 265 433. <br>Common mistake: If borrowing is not done correctly, e.g., 500 000 – 234 567 = 376 433 (D) comes from subtracting 5 – 2 = 3 in the hundred thousands and ignoring the borrowing chain. |
| 3 | (C) 2 100 000 | 2 | Step 1: Add the two numbers: 1 450 000 + 650 000. <br>Method 1: 1 450 000 + 600 000 = 2 050 000, then + 50 000 = 2 100 000. <br>Method 2: Add the millions parts: 1 000 000 + 0 = 1 000 000, but the 450 000 + 650 000 = 1 100 000, so total is 2 100 000. <br>Common mistake: Only adding 1 450 000 + 650 000 = 2 000 000 (B) if the 100 000 carry from the 450 000 + 650 000 is forgotten. Adding an extra zero gives 21 000 000 (D). |
| 4 | (B) 113 568 | 2 | Concept: This is a missing addend problem: we need to find the number before subtraction. The number sentence is: □ – 45 678 = 67 890. <br>Step: To find □, we add the result (67 890) to the number subtracted (45 678). <br>Working: 67 890 + 45 678. <br>Addition: 0 + 8 = 8, 9 + 7 = 16 (write 6, carry 1), 8 + 6 + 1 = 15 (write 5, carry 1), 7 + 5 + 1 = 13 (write 3, carry 1), 6 + 4 + 1 = 11 (write 1, carry 1) → 113 568. <br>Check: 113 568 – 45 678 = 67 890. <br>Common mistake: Subtracting 67 890 – 45 678 = 22 212 (A) instead of adding. |
| 5 | (A) 17 150 | 2 | Step 1: Understand the problem: capacity – number of people = empty spaces. <br>Working: 55 000 – 37 850. <br>Step 2: Regroup: 55 000 = 54 999 + 1. Units: 10 – 0 = 0. Tens: 9 – 5 = 4. Hundreds: 9 – 8 = 1. Thousands: 4 – 7 → borrow from ten thousands: 14 – 7 = 7. Ten thousands: 5 – 1 (borrowed) – 3 = 1. <br>Result: 17 150. <br>Common mistake: Subtracting 37 850 from 55 000 without correct borrowing might yield 18 150 (C) if the hundreds column is miscalculated. |
Section B: Short Answer (20 marks)
6.
Answer: 440 245
Working: 283 456 + 156 789. Add: 6 + 9 = 15 (write 5, carry 1), 5 + 8 + 1 = 14 (write 4, carry 1), 4 + 7 + 1 = 12 (write 2, carry 1), 3 + 6 + 1 = 10 (write 0, carry 1), 8 + 5 + 1 = 14 (write 4, carry 1), 2 + 1 + 1 = 4.
Marks: 2
Common mistake: Forgetting to carry over any of the three carries.
7.
Answer: 490 245
Working: 789 010 – 298 765. Regroup: Units: 0 – 5 → borrow 1 from tens: 10 – 5 = 5. Tens: 0 – 6 → borrow from hundreds: 10 – 6 = 4. Hundreds: 0 – 7 → borrow from thousands: 10 – 7 = 3. Thousands: 8 – 8 = 0. Ten thousands: 8 – 9 → borrow: 18 – 9 = 9. Hundred thousands: 6 – 2 = 4.
Marks: 2
Common mistake: Miscalculating during multiple borrowing steps.
8.
Answer: 3 581 789
Working: 3 456 789 + 125 000 = 3 581 789. This involves adding 125 000 to the original number. Since 125 000 has only hundred thousands, ten thousands, and thousands, add: 456 000 + 125 000 = 581 000. Keep the millions and the 789.
Marks: 2
Concept: "More than" means addition.
9.
Answer: 666 676
Working: 1 234 567 – 567 891. Regroup carefully: 1 234 567 – 567 891. Units: 7 – 1 = 6. Tens: 6 – 9 → borrow: 16 – 9 = 7. Hundreds: 4 – 8 → borrow: 14 – 8 = 6. Thousands: 2 – 7 → borrow: 12 – 7 = 5. Ten thousands: 1 – 6 → borrow: 11 – 6 = 5. Hundred thousands: 0 – 5 → borrow: 10 – 5 = 5. Millions: 0.
Marks: 2
Common mistake: Not carrying the borrowing chain all the way through.
10.
Answer: 4 300 000
Working: 2 540 000 + 1 230 000 = 3 770 000. Then 3 770 000 + 530 000 = 4 300 000.
Alternative: Add all: 2 540 000 + 1 230 000 = 3 770 000; 3 770 000 + 530 000 = 4 300 000.
Marks: 2
Common mistake: Adding incorrectly in the ten thousands or hundred thousands place.
11.
Answer: 2 595
Working: 1 245 + 1 350. Add: 5 + 0 = 5, 4 + 5 = 9, 2 + 3 = 5, 1 + 1 = 2.
Marks: 2
Concept: "Altogether" means sum.
12.
Answer: 2 850 + $1 675. Add: 0 + 5 = 5, 5 + 7 = 12 (write 2, carry 1), 8 + 6 + 1 = 15 (write 5, carry 1), 2 + 1 + 1 = 4.
Marks: 2
Concept: Total cost is the sum of the prices.
13.
Answer: 3 910 000
Working: 1 565 000 + 2 345 000. Add: 0 + 0 = 0, 0 + 0 = 0, 0 + 0 = 0, 5 + 5 = 10 (write 0, carry 1), 6 + 4 + 1 = 11 (write 1, carry 1), 5 + 3 + 1 = 9, 1 + 2 = 3.
Marks: 2
Common mistake: Forgetting to carry in the thousands column.
14.
Answer: 192 000
Working: 348 000 – 156 000 = 192 000.
Marks: 2
Concept: "Less than" is subtraction.
15.
Answer: 890 000
Working: 1 780 000 – 890 000 = 890 000.
Marks: 2
Method: 1 780 000 – 800 000 = 980 000, then – 90 000 = 890 000.
Section C: Problem Solving (15 marks)
16.
Answer: 1 250 000 + 3 350 000.
Third charity = Total – amount given = 3 350 000 = $1 900 000.
Marks: 3 (1 mark for correct addition, 1 mark for correct subtraction, 1 mark for final answer with correct unit)
Concept: Find the total given to the first two charities, then subtract from the total donation.
17.
Answer: 42 000
Working: Total books = fiction + non-fiction = 25 680 + 14 320 = 40 000 books. The 2 000 books on loan are included in this total because they are books in the library.
Marks: 3 (1 mark for understanding the sum, 1 mark for correct addition, 1 mark for recognizing that the books on loan do not need to be added again)
Common mistake: Adding the books on loan to the total: 40 000 + 2 000 = 42 000 is correct, but one might incorrectly add 25 680 + 14 320 + 2 000 = 42 000. The mistake would be thinking "on loan" means they are not in the library, but they are still library books.
18.
Answer: 775 kg
Working: Total load already = 1 275 kg + 1 450 kg = 2 725 kg.
More sand = capacity – load = 3 500 kg – 2 725 kg = 775 kg.
Marks: 3 (1 mark for correct addition, 1 mark for correct subtraction, 1 mark for final answer with unit)
Concept: Total load is sand + gravel; remaining capacity is capacity – total load.
19.
Answer: 47 480
Working: January: 12 350. February: 15 480. March: 12 350 + 4 200 = 16 550.
Total = 12 350 + 15 480 + 16 550.
Add: 350 + 480 + 550 = 1 380, 12 000 + 15 000 + 16 000 = 43 000, total = 44 380.
Wait, recalc: 12 350 + 15 480 = 27 830. 27 830 + 16 550. Add: 0 + 0 = 0, 5 + 5 = 10 (write 0, carry 1), 3 + 5 + 1 = 9, 8 + 6 = 14 (write 4, carry 1), 2 + 1 + 1 = 4, 1 + 0 = 1 → 44 380.
Marks: 3 (1 mark for calculating March correctly, 1 mark for correct total, 1 mark for answer)
Common mistake: Forgetting to add 4 200 to January's number when finding March's sales.
20.
Answer: (a) 68 200, (b) 22 300
Working: (a) Total = 10 250 + 25 400 + 32 550. Add: 0 + 0 + 0 = 0, 50 + 400 + 550 = 1 000 (write 000, carry 1), 10 + 25 + 32 + 1 = 68. Total = 68 200.
(b) Difference = Sunday – Friday = 32 550 – 10 250 = 22 300.
Marks: 3 (1.5 marks for each part)
Concept: Total is the sum of all three days; difference is subtraction.
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