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O Level Geography Practice Paper 4

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TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - Geography O-Level (Map, Graph & Data Skills)

TuitionGoWhere Exam Practice (AI)
Subject: Geography (2279)
Level: O-Level
Paper: Practice Paper 4 of 5 (Skills Focus)
Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes
Total Marks: 40
Name: __________________________
Class: __________________________
Date: __________________________

Instructions to Candidates

Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided.
You may use a calculator.
Marks are indicated in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
This paper focuses on Map, Graph, and Data Skills (AO2) derived from Fieldwork, Climate, and Tourism contexts.

Section A: Data Collection and Representation (10 Marks)

1. A group of students is conducting fieldwork to investigate the variation in microclimate within a local park. They plan to measure air temperature at five different locations.

(a) Identify one instrument suitable for measuring air temperature. [1]

(b) The students want to ensure their data is reliable. Suggest two precautions they should take when using the instrument to ensure accurate readings. [2]

2. The students recorded the number of visitors entering the park every hour from 08:00 to 18:00 on a Saturday. The data is shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Visitor Numbers (Saturday)

Time	08:00	10:00	12:00	14:00	16:00	18:00
Visitors	45	120	210	195	150	80

(a) Describe the trend in visitor numbers from 08:00 to 18:00. [2]

(b) Suggest the most appropriate type of graph to display this data to show the change over time. Give one reason for your choice. [2]
Graph Type: ______________________________________________________________
Reason: __________________________________________________________________

(c) On the grid below, plot the data from Table 1. [3]
(Note: In a real exam, a grid would be provided. Here, describe the key features your plot must have.)

Label the X-axis: ______________________________________________________
Label the Y-axis: ______________________________________________________
Plot points correctly and join them with: __________________________________

Section B: Graphical Interpretation and Analysis (15 Marks)

3. Study Figure 1, which shows the monthly rainfall and temperature data for two cities, City A (Equatorial) and City B (Monsoon).

(Imagine Figure 1: A dual-axis graph. Left axis: Temperature (°C) 0-35. Right axis: Rainfall (mm) 0-300. X-axis: Jan-Dec. City A: Temp line flat at ~27°C, Rain bars high all year ~200mm. City B: Temp line peaks at 30°C in May, Rain bars very high Jun-Sep, low Dec-Feb.)

(a) State the highest monthly rainfall recorded for City B. [1]
_________________________________________________________________________ mm

(b) Compare the annual temperature range of City A and City B. [2]
City A: __________________________________________________________________
City B: __________________________________________________________________

4. Study Figure 2, a scatter graph showing the relationship between distance from the Central Business District (CBD) and land value in a selected city.

(Imagine Figure 2: Scatter graph. X-axis: Distance from CBD (km) 0-10. Y-axis: Land Value ($ per sq m) 0-10,000. Points show a strong negative correlation: high value near 0km, low value near 10km, with some outliers.)

(a) Describe the relationship shown in Figure 2. [2]

(b) Identify one anomaly (outlier) on the graph and suggest a possible geographical reason for its existence. [2]
Anomaly location (approx distance): ________________________________________
Reason: __________________________________________________________________

(c) The students calculated the Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient for this data and obtained a value of -0.85.
What does this value indicate about the strength and direction of the relationship? [2]
Strength: ________________________________________________________________
Direction: _______________________________________________________________

5. A tourism study surveyed 100 tourists on their satisfaction with local transport. The results were processed using a weighted scoring system.

Table 2: Satisfaction Survey Results

Response	Weight	Frequency
Very Satisfied	+2	30
Satisfied	+1	40
Dissatisfied	-1	20
Very Dissatisfied	-2	10

(a) Calculate the total positive score for the survey. Show your working. [2]
Working:

Total Positive Score: _______________

(b) Calculate the net satisfaction score for the survey. Show your working. [2]
Working:

Net Score: _______________

Section C: Fieldwork Methodology and Evaluation (15 Marks)

6. Students investigated the impact of tourism on a coastal beach. They used a bi-polar evaluation sheet to assess environmental quality at 10 sites along the beach.

(a) Explain what a bi-polar evaluation sheet is and how it is used in fieldwork. [2]

(b) The students decided to use systematic sampling to select their 10 sites.
Describe how they could have applied systematic sampling in this investigation. [2]

The subjectivity of the data.
The consistency of different student groups. [4]

7. Another group studied river velocity. They used the float method (timing a floating object over a 10m stretch) at 5 different points across the river channel.

(a) Identify two variables that must be kept constant (controlled) to ensure the test is fair, other than the distance measured. [2]

(b) The results showed significant variation in velocity across the channel.
Suggest one way the students could improve the accuracy of their velocity measurements. [1]

(c) "The float method is unreliable for measuring river velocity."
To what extent do you agree with this statement? Support your answer with reasons. [4]

END OF PAPER

Answers

TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - Geography O-Level (Map, Graph & Data Skills)

Answer Key and Marking Scheme

Version: 4 of 5
Total Marks: 40

Section A: Data Collection and Representation (10 Marks)

1. (a) Thermometer (or Maximum-Minimum Thermometer / Digital Thermometer). [1]
(Note: Weather tracker is not an instrument name; be specific.)

1. (b) Any two of the following: [2]

Place the thermometer in a Stevenson Screen (or shaded area) to avoid direct sunlight.
Ensure the thermometer is at standard height (e.g., 1.2m above ground).
Wait for the reading to stabilize before recording.
Ensure the bulb is not touching the ground or other objects.
Read at eye level to avoid parallax error.

2. (a) Description of trend: [2]

Visitor numbers increase rapidly from 08:00 (45) to a peak at 12:00 (210). [1]
After 12:00, numbers decrease steadily to 18:00 (80). [1]
(Must quote data to support description for full marks.)

2. (b) Graph Type and Reason: [2]

Graph Type: Line Graph (or Line Chart). [1]
Reason: It is best for showing continuous change or trends over time. [1]
(Bar chart is acceptable if justified as comparing discrete hourly blocks, but Line Graph is preferred for time-series continuity.)

2. (c) Plotting Features: [3]

X-axis Label: Time (or Hour of Day). [1]
Y-axis Label: Number of Visitors (or Visitor Count). [1]
Join points with: Straight lines (or smooth curve, but straight lines are standard for this data type in O-Level). [1]

Section B: Graphical Interpretation and Analysis (15 Marks)

3. (a) Highest monthly rainfall for City B: [1]

Accept any value between 250mm - 300mm (depending on visual interpretation of the imagined graph, typically the peak of the monsoon season). Marker Note: In a real exam, the graph would have precise grid lines. Accept reasonable estimate.

3. (b) Comparison of Annual Temperature Range: [2]

City A: Very small range (approx. 1-2°C) / Constant temperature. [1]
City B: Larger range (approx. 5-10°C) / Seasonal variation. [1]

3. (c) Explanation for City A's smaller range: [2]

City A is located near the Equator. [1]
It receives consistent high insolation (sunlight intensity) and day length throughout the year, leading to uniform heating. [1]
(City B has seasonal variation due to tilt of earth/monsoon shifts.)

4. (a) Relationship Description: [2]

There is a negative (or inverse) correlation. [1]
As distance from the CBD increases, land value decreases. [1]

4. (b) Anomaly and Reason: [2]

Anomaly: A point with high land value far from the CBD (e.g., at 8km) OR low land value close to the CBD. [1]
Reason:
- If high value far out: Presence of a shopping mall, transport hub, or prestigious housing estate. [1]
- If low value close in: Industrial zone, derelict land, or poor accessibility. [1]

4. (c) Spearman’s Rank Interpretation: [2]

Strength: Strong correlation (close to -1). [1]
Direction: Negative (inverse) relationship. [1]

5. (a) Total Positive Score Calculation: [2]

Working:
- Very Satisfied: $30 \times 2 = 60$
- Satisfied: $40 \times 1 = 40$
- Total: $60 + 40 = 100$ [1 for working, 1 for answer]
Answer: 100

5. (b) Net Satisfaction Score Calculation: [2]

Working:
- Negative Score: $(20 \times -1) + (10 \times -2) = -20 - 20 = -40$
- Net Score: $100 (\text{positive}) - 40 (\text{negative}) = +60$
- Alternatively: $(30\times2) + (40\times1) + (20\times-1) + (10\times-2) = 60+40-20-20 = 60$ . [1 for working, 1 for answer]
Answer: +60

5. (c) Evaluation of Satisfaction: [2]

The net score is positive (+60), indicating that overall, tourists are satisfied. [1]
However, since the maximum possible score is $100 \times 2 = 200$ , the score is only 30% of the maximum, suggesting satisfaction is moderate rather than excellent, or that there is a significant minority (30%) who are dissatisfied. [1]

Section C: Fieldwork Methodology and Evaluation (15 Marks)

6. (a) Bi-polar Evaluation Sheet Explanation: [2]

It is a data collection tool that records opinions or observations on a scale between two opposite extremes (e.g., Very Attractive to Very Unattractive). [1]
It allows qualitative data (environmental quality) to be quantified for analysis. [1]

6. (b) Systematic Sampling Application: [2]

Select sites at regular intervals along the beach. [1]
Example: Measure every 50 meters, or every 100 steps, from one end of the beach to the other. [1]

6. (c) Evaluation of Reliability: [4]

Subjectivity: The data is subjective because different students may interpret "litter" or "noise" differently. One student’s "clean" might be another’s "dirty." This reduces reliability. [2]
Consistency: To improve reliability, students should use clear criteria (e.g., "more than 5 pieces of litter = dirty") or have the same student assess all sites. If different groups assess different sites without calibration, consistency is low. [2]
(Marking: 1 mark per valid point, up to 4. Must address both subjectivity and consistency.)

7. (a) Controlled Variables: [2]
Any two of:

The same float object (size/shape/buoyancy). [1]
The same depth of water (if measuring surface velocity, ensure float isn't stuck).
Time of day (to control for wind/tide effects).
Same section of the river (straight vs meander).

7. (b) Improvement for Accuracy: [1]

Repeat the measurement 3 times at each point and calculate the mean (average). [1]
OR use a flow meter (digital current meter) instead of a float.

7. (c) Evaluation of Float Method: [4]

Agree (Unreliable):
- Wind can blow the float, affecting speed (not just river current). [1]
- The float may get stuck on debris or vegetation, giving false low readings. [1]
- It only measures surface velocity, which is faster than the average velocity of the whole channel. [1]
Disagree (Reliable enough):
- It is a simple, low-cost method suitable for student fieldwork. [1]
- If repeated and averaged, it can provide a reasonable estimate for comparative purposes.
Conclusion: The method has limitations but is acceptable for school-level fieldwork if limitations are acknowledged and mitigated (e.g., by repeating). [1 for balanced judgement]
(Award marks for reasoned arguments on both sides. Max 4 marks.)

END OF MARKING SCHEME