A Level H2 History Practice Paper 3

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TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - History H2 A-Level

TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper (AI) - Version 3

Subject: History H2 (9174)
Level: A-Level
Paper: Combined Practice (Paper 1 & 2 Focus)
Duration: 6 Hours (Total) / 3 Hours per Paper
Total Marks: 200
Name: __________________________ Class: __________ Date: __________

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Instructions to Candidates

1. This paper consists of two main sections: Paper 1 (Southeast Asian History) and Paper 2 (International History).
2. Answer one source-based question and two essay questions for each paper.
3. Read the sources carefully before answering.
4. Use the provided answer spaces for your responses.
5. Ensure your arguments are supported by specific historical evidence and evaluative reasoning.

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SECTION 1: PAPER 1 (SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORY)

Total Marks: 100

Part A: Source-Based Case Study (30 Marks)

Topic: ASEAN and the South China Sea Dispute

Sources provided (Summary for Practice):

• Source A: An official ASEAN Joint Communiqué emphasizing the "ASEAN Way" and peaceful resolution.
• Source B: A critical editorial from a regional newspaper arguing that ASEAN is "toothless" against superpower encroachment.
• Source C: A map showing overlapping claims and the presence of military installations.
• Source D: A speech by a member state leader claiming that diplomatic dialogue is the only viable path.
• Source E: A report from a geopolitical think-tank detailing the failure of the Code of Conduct (CoC) negotiations.
• Source F: A statistical table showing the increase in maritime incidents over a decade.

1. (a) Compare and contrast the views presented in Source A and Source B regarding the effectiveness of ASEAN's approach to the South China Sea dispute. [10]

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Answer Key & Marking Scheme: TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - History H2

SECTION 1: PAPER 1 (SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORY)

Part A: Source-Based Case Study (ASEAN & South China Sea)

1. (a) Compare and contrast Source A and Source B

• Comparison (Similarities): Both sources acknowledge that ASEAN is the primary vehicle for managing the dispute and that the goal is to avoid open conflict.
• Contrast (Differences):
  • Source A presents an optimistic, official view, emphasizing the "ASEAN Way" (consensus, non-interference) as a successful mechanism for maintaining stability.
  • Source B presents a cynical, critical view, arguing that the "ASEAN Way" is actually a weakness ("toothless") that allows external superpowers to ignore regional concerns.
• Evaluation: Source A is an official communiqué (likely biased toward maintaining a facade of unity), while Source B is an editorial (likely biased toward provocative critique to spur action).

Part B: Essay Questions (Sample Outlines)

Question 2: "The primary driver of Southeast Asian nationalism was the reaction against Western colonialism." Discuss.

• Thesis: While Western colonialism provided the catalyst and the common enemy, nationalism was also driven by internal factors such as the rise of a Western-educated elite and the desire to restore pre-colonial glory.
• Supporting Arguments:
  • Reaction to Colonialism: Economic exploitation (rubber/tin in Malaya, rice in Vietnam) and political disenfranchisement led to organized resistance.
  • Internal Drivers: The emergence of the "Intelligentsia" who used Western concepts of "self-determination" against the colonizers.
  • Pre-colonial Nostalgia: In Burma and Indonesia, the desire to return to the power of previous empires fueled early nationalist movements.
• Conclusion: Colonialism was the trigger, but the substance of nationalism was a blend of external influence and internal identity.

Question 3: To what extent did the Cold War dictate the political trajectories of Southeast Asian states?

• Thesis: The Cold War significantly shaped the region through ideological polarization and superpower intervention, but local agency and ethnic tensions often played a more decisive role in domestic outcomes.
• Supporting Arguments:
  • Cold War Influence: The Domino Theory led to US intervention in Vietnam; the formation of SEATO; the split between communist and pro-Western regimes.
  • Local Agency: The specific nature of the Vietnamese struggle was as much about national liberation as it was about Marxism.
  • Non-Alignment: The creation of ASEAN (1967) was a strategic move to ensure regional autonomy and avoid becoming pawns of the US or USSR.
• Conclusion: The Cold War provided the framework of conflict, but local socio-political dynamics determined the specific trajectory of each state.

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SECTION 2: PAPER 2 (INTERNATIONAL HISTORY)

Part A: Source-Based Case Study (The Cold War)

1. (a) Analysis of Source A vs Source B (Cold War Origins)

• Source A (Orthodox): Likely blames Soviet expansionism and the breach of Yalta agreements.
• Source B (Revisionist): Likely blames US economic imperialism and the "Open Door" policy.
• Synthesis: The student must identify the clash between "Security" (USSR) and "Containment" (USA).

Part B: Essay Questions (Sample Outlines)

Question 2: "The Cuban Missile Crisis was the turning point that ended the Cold War." To what extent do you agree?

• Thesis: While the crisis led to a period of "Détente" and better communication (Hotline), it did not end the Cold War, which continued through proxy wars and the arms race until the 1980s.
• Supporting Arguments:
  • Agreement: The realization of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) led to the Limited Test Ban Treaty (1963).
  • Disagreement: The Cold War simply shifted to the "Third World" (Vietnam, Afghanistan). The arms race continued with the development of ICBMs.
  • Alternative Turning Points: The fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) or Gorbachev's reforms (Perestroika/Glasnost).
• Conclusion: It was a turning point in crisis management, not the end of the ideological struggle.

Question 3: Evaluate the role of the United Nations in maintaining global peace between 1945 and 1990.

• Thesis: The UN was often paralyzed by the Security Council veto during the Cold War, but it succeeded in humanitarian efforts and preventing a direct Third World War.
• Supporting Arguments:
  • Failures: Inability to act in the Korean War (due to USSR boycott) or the Vietnam War.
  • Successes: Peacekeeping missions in Cyprus or the Congo; the role of the General Assembly in delegitimizing colonialism.
  • Structural Limitation: The Veto power of the P5 ensured the UN could only act when superpower interests aligned.
• Conclusion: The UN functioned more as a forum for diplomacy than a global policeman.