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A Level H2 Geography Practice Paper 2
Free A Level H2 Geography Practice Paper 2, HY3 AI version, with questions, answers, and A Level-style practice for Singapore students.
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Questions
TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper - Geography H2 A-Level
TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper (AI) — Version 2 of 5
Subject: Geography H2
Level: A-Level (Pre-University)
Paper: Practice Paper (Resources Sustainability Focus)
Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes
Total Marks: 60
Name: ________________________
Class: ________________________
Date: ________________________
Instructions:
- This practice paper contains 20 questions across three sections.
- Answer all questions.
- Use the resources provided (including data tables and image placeholders) to support your answers.
- Marks for each question are shown in brackets.
- Section marks and total marks are shown at the end of each section.
Section A: Resource Concepts and Sustainability Foundations (Questions 1–7)
Section A Total: 18 marks
1. Define the term "sustainable development" as used in Our Common Future. [2]
2. State one provisioning ecosystem service and explain how its classification as provisioning may vary over time and space. [3]
3. Distinguish between proven reserves and speculative reserves of a non-renewable resource. [2]
4. Outline two limitations of Malthus' view on population limits imposed by the natural environment. [2]
5. Using the table below, compare the renewable energy share (%) of total electricity generation for the three countries in 2023.
| Country | Renewable Share (%) 2023 |
|---|---|
| Norway | 98 |
| India | 22 |
| Singapore | 4 |
Compare the scores for the three countries shown in the table. [5]
6. Explain how habitat destruction can compromise regulating ecosystem services, using one example. [2]
7.
Image pending generation: graph for Q7.
Describe the trend in per capita resource extraction for high-income and low-income countries shown in Resource Q7-fig1. [2]
Section B: Resource Management and Trade-offs (Questions 8–14)
Section B Total: 24 marks
8. Explain two economic challenges that limit progress towards sustainable development. [4]
9. Assess the potential of solar power to reduce fossil fuel dependence in Southeast Asia. [6]
10. Using the extract below, explain how transboundary water management between Cambodia and Vietnam on the Mekong River has faced varying success.
Extract: The Mekong River Commission was established in 1995 but upstream dam construction by Laos and China has reduced dry-season flow to Vietnam's delta, causing saline intrusion. Bilateral meetings have produced memoranda but no binding flow agreements.
Explain the varying success of transboundary management strategies in the extract. [4]
11.
Image pending generation: table for Q11.
Using Resource Q11-fig1, compare the social impacts (displaced persons) relative to capacity for the three dams. [4]
12. Evaluate one management strategy used by extractive industries to reduce environmental impact. [4]
13. Explain Boserup's view on the role of technology in expanding the resource base. [2]
14. Suggest two reasons why access to resources is uneven across space despite global trade. [2]
Section C: Synthesis and Application (Questions 15–20)
Section C Total: 18 marks
15. Using Resources Q7-fig1 and Q11-fig1, assess the trade-offs between renewable energy expansion and social equity. [6]
16. "The circular economy is essential for resource sustainability in rapidly industrializing Asia." To what extent do you agree? [6]
17.
Image pending generation: map for Q17.
Using Resource Q17-fig1, account for the loss of provisioning services in Borneo's lowland areas. [3]
18. State two SDGs directly related to resource sustainability and give one quantitative target for each. [3]
19. Explain how invasive species can compromise ecosystem services with one example. [2]
20. Evaluate the limitations of using GDP as a measure of progress towards sustainable development. [4]
End of Paper — Total Marks: 60
Answers
TuitionGoWhere Practice Paper Answer Key — Geography H2 A-Level (Version 2)
Subject: Geography H2
Level: A-Level
Paper: Practice Paper (Resources Sustainability Focus)
Total Marks: 60
Section A Answers (18 marks)
Q1 [2 marks]
- Definition: Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland / Our Common Future).
- Mark breakdown: 1 mark for present needs, 1 mark for future needs / intergenerational equity.
- Teaching note: This is the foundational definition; students must show both temporal dimensions.
Q2 [3 marks]
- Provisioning service example: timber from forests (1 mark).
- Variation: In the past, timber was scarce and local; today technology (chainsaws, transport) makes it a globally traded commodity, changing its value and classification by demand (2 marks).
- Teaching note: Provisioning = products obtained from ecosystems. Demand and tech shift what is considered provisioning.
Q3 [2 marks]
- Proven reserves: technically and economically extractable now (1 mark).
- Speculative reserves: assumed to exist but not confirmed by exploration; uncertain extraction (1 mark).
- Common mistake: confusing with conditional (needs tech/econ change).
Q4 [2 marks]
- Limitation 1: Ignores technological innovation that increases yield (1 mark).
- Limitation 2: Uneven access – some regions import food, so local limits don't apply (1 mark).
Q5 [5 marks]
- Norway (98%) far exceeds India (22%) and Singapore (4%); India > Singapore (1 mark per comparison or synthesis).
- Norway near-full renewable (hydro), Singapore lowest due to land limits (2 marks for context).
- Marking: 1 mark each for correct comparative statement across 3 countries + 2 for depth.
- Teaching: Use comparative language "higher than", "lowest".
Q6 [2 marks]
- Habitat destruction removes wetlands that regulated floods (1 mark); loss increases flood frequency (1 mark).
- Teaching: Regulating = benefits from control of natural processes.
Q7 [2 marks]
- High-income rises steadily 12→17 t/p/yr; low-income 2→4.5 t/p/yr (1 mark).
- Gap widens over time (1 mark).
- Based on Q7-fig1 line graph data.
Section B Answers (24 marks)
Q8 [4 marks]
- Challenge 1: Short-term profit motive discourages long-term investment (2 marks).
- Challenge 2: Political cycles ignore cross-border issues (2 marks).
Q9 [6 marks]
- Potential: abundant solar in SEA, reduces coal use (2).
- Limitations: intermittent, land use, grid cost (2).
- Trade-off: econ vs env (2).
- Marking descriptors: 6 = clear eval, 4 = partial, 2 = list.
Q10 [4 marks]
- Success: MRC forum established (1).
- Failure: no binding flow rule, upstream dams harm Vietnam (3).
- Teaching: Transboundary = shared but unequal power.
Q11 [4 marks]
- Dam C: 60k/3.0=20k per GW; A: 21.4k; B: 15.7k (2 marks calc).
- B most equitable, C least (2 marks).
- From Q11-fig1 table.
Q12 [4 marks]
- Strategy: rehabilitation of mined land (2).
- Eval: restores soil but costly, slow (2).
Q13 [2 marks]
- Boserup: population pressure drives tech that raises resource limits (2).
Q14 [2 marks]
- Reasons: infrastructure gap, trade barriers (1 each).
Section C Answers (18 marks)
Q15 [6 marks]
- Using Q7-fig1 (rich use more) and Q11-fig1 (displacement): trade-off = clean energy vs justice (3).
- Assessment: global south bears social cost (3).
Q16 [6 marks]
- Agree: reduces waste (2). Disagree: needs tech/capital (2). Conclusion balanced (2).
Q17 [3 marks]
- Map shows 60% plantation vs 25% forest → timber/food loss (2). From Q17-fig1.
- 1 mark for link to provisioning.
Q18 [3 marks]
- SDG 6: clean water 2030 access (1.5); SDG 7: affordable energy 2030 (1.5).
Q19 [2 marks]
- Water hyacinth blocks rivers, reduces fishing (2).
Q20 [4 marks]
- GDP ignores env cost, distribution (2); example depletion not subtracted (2).
Total Marks Check: 18+24+18 = 60 ✓
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