A Level H1 Geography Human Geography Quiz

A-Level Geography H1 Quiz - Human Geography (Answer Key)

Total Marks: 40
Topic: Human Geography (Cities in a Sustainable Future)

Section A: Short Answer (1 mark each)

1. Sustainable development = development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland definition applied to cities).
Teaching note: Key idea is intergenerational equity; in urban context it means balancing resource use, waste, and liveability.

2. Example: open dumping leading to water contamination / disease / river pollution. (Any one valid problem)
Mark: 1 for any specific problem.

3. Example: rural-to-urban migration exceeding formal housing supply.
Mark: 1 for any valid reason (push-pull, poverty, lack of planning).

4. Urban reimaging.
Mark: 1 for term.

5. Example: environmental – air quality; economic – job access; social – community ties. (Any one)
Mark: 1.

6. Example: loneliness / social isolation.
Mark: 1.

7. Example: wage gap / limited job opportunities.
Mark: 1.

8. Because it depends on place, time, and purpose of assessment (different people value different factors).
Mark: 1 for subjectivity reason.

Section B: Structured Response

9. (a) [2] Effective waste management prevents pollution, protects health, and conserves resources enabling long-term urban sustainability.
Mark breakdown: 1 for reducing environmental harm, 1 for supporting resource continuity.
(b) [1] Example: waste-to-energy incineration (e.g., Tuas Nexus).
Mark: 1.

10. [4] Account for slum development in Lagos:

• Rapid rural-urban migration due to push factors (poverty, conflict) and pull (jobs). [1]
• Insufficient formal housing → informal occupation of marginal land. [1]
• Weak governance / planning unable to keep pace. [1]
• Population growth outstripping infrastructure. [1]
  Teaching: Must explain causation not just describe.

11. [3] Urban reimaging may attract investment and improve liveability (e.g., new amenities) but can raise costs, displace poor, and increase resource use conflicting with sustainability. [1+1+1 for tension explanation]

12. [2] Characteristics: (1) High density / overcrowding; (2) Makeshift construction from scrap. 1 mark each.

13. [3] Strategy: community centre with social activities. Success: reduces isolation, leverages existing spaces, meets social need. [1 strategy, 2 explanation]

14. [2] Gender inequality limits women's access to jobs / safety, reducing overall city liveability for half population. 1 for issue, 1 for link.

Section C: Data / Source-Based & Extended

15. (a) [2] Recycling rate increases with level of development (LDC 10% → HIC 60%). 2 for clear description.
(b) [3] HICs have more waste due to consumption but better tech, policy, and funds for sorting/processing. [1 dev gap, 1 infrastructure, 1 management]

16. [4] Using Q16-fig1: Tokyo and Singapore show higher scores for both groups than Delhi. Women slightly higher than elderly in Tokyo/SG; Delhi low for both, women lower. 1 per comparison point (3 cities + gender gap).

17. [7] Evaluate face-to-face questionnaire for elderly needs:
Strengths: direct voice, nuanced responses, high response from non-digital elderly. [2]
Limitations: small sample, bias if only accessible areas, time-consuming. [2]
Judgment: useful for depth but limited generalizability; combine with stats. [3 overall eval]
Marking: L3 (6-7) balanced with clear judgment.

18. [3] Dense layout → land scarcity; makeshift → low cost, no regulations; both indicate poverty and informality. 1 each.

19. [5] Agree: green spaces, public transport achieve both. Disagree: consumption tensions. Conclusion: possible with planning.
Marking: 2 for for, 2 against, 1 synthesis.

20. [2] Risk: safety during door-to-door (e.g., late hours). Mitigate: pair work, daylight, inform community. 1+1.